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Logarithmic and quasi-lisse modularity have distinct scopes

Remark

For a C2-cofinite vertex operator algebra V with no nonzero negative-weight states, Huang's genus-one modular-invariance theorem concerns spaces of analytic extensions of pseudo-q-traces, shifted by −c/24, of products of geometrically modified intertwining operators among grading-restricted generalized modules; the intertwining operators may be logarithmic. Its inputs include a finite-dimensional associative algebra P with a symmetric linear functional; a grading-restricted generalized V-P bimodule that is projective as a right P-module; and P-compatible intertwining operators. These are pseudo-trace correlation functions, not ordinary characters obtained from an ordinary trace on a semisimple L(0)-grading.

The 2026 quasi-lisse result has different data. It starts with a charged conformal vertex algebra (V,ω,h), where Y(h,z)=∑n∈Zhnz−n−1, h∈V1, h0 acts semisimply on V with integer eigenvalues, L(1)h=0, and hnh=0 for n≥2 while h1h=2κ1 for some κ∈C, and assumes finite strong generation (generation by finitely many states using derivatives and normally ordered products) and stable quasi-lissity. The charge grading defines the charged conformal-block sheaf for a degree-zero line bundle L on an elliptic curve E. Here the Zhu Poisson algebra is RV=V/C2(V) with its induced commutative product and Poisson bracket; the charge-zero quotient is obtained by killing the ideal generated by nonzero h0-charge subspaces. Stable quasi-lisse means the spectrum of that quotient has finitely many symplectic leaves. The theorem gives a holonomic D-module with regular singularities along a lattice Nα∈Z+Zτ and an integrable connection away from it. Stable rationality means that the category of finitely generated stable V-modules is semisimple; under this additional condition, trace functions of irreducible stable modules span the charged blocks and are flat on 0<−NIm⁡(α)<Im⁡(τ), with covariance under the Jacobi group SL2(Z)⋉Z2.

These are not the finite semisimple character/Verlinde theorem for a strongly rational VOA. Strong rationality here means CFT type, C2-cofiniteness, rationality, and self-contragredience (with simplicity in the workspace convention). The hypotheses and outputs above do not identify a logarithmic pseudo-trace space or a charged elliptic family with that finite semisimple modular-functor statement.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: The C2-cofinite and grading-restricted generalized-module conventions of the linked definitions, together with the exact source theorem hypotheses recorded above. No physical or path-integral interpretation is assumed.

[F1]

C2-cofiniteness: C2(V)=span⁡{u(−2)v:u,v∈V} and C2-cofiniteness means V/C2(V) is finite dimensional.

[F2]

Logarithmic generalized module: logarithmic modules are grading-restricted generalized modules; L0 may have nontrivial Jordan blocks on finite-dimensional generalized weight spaces.

[A1]

Huang, Theorem 5.5: assume V is C2-cofinite with no nonzero negative-weight elements; use grading-restricted generalized modules, finite-dimensional associative P with symmetric functional φ, a grading-restricted generalized V-P bimodule projective over P, and P-compatible intertwining operators. The modular transform of the corresponding genus-one correlation function lies in the same correlation-function space, whose elements have the stated shifted pseudo-q-trace expansions and analytic extensions.

[A2]

Arakawa–van Ekeren–Li, Theorems 1.1–1.3: use a charged conformal vertex algebra with the current, quasi-primary and integral-charge conditions explicitly stated in the Remark (source §3.1 and Definition 3.4), finite strong generation, and stable quasi-lissity; stable rationality is additionally required for the trace-spanning and Jacobi-equivariance conclusions. The family is over degree-zero line bundles on elliptic curves and excludes the source's singular charge lattice from the vector-bundle locus.

Proof

1.1givenF1F2A1algebra

By [F1], the C2-cofinite condition is the stated finite quotient condition, while [A1] imposes the additional generalized-module and symmetric pseudo-trace inputs, including projectivity and intertwining-operator compatibility. Huang's theorem transforms these correlation functions, so its conclusion concerns analytic extensions of shifted pseudo-q-traces and does not reduce to ordinary irreducible characters.

2.1givenA2step 1.1algebra

Under [A2], the charge current, integral charge grading, line bundle on the elliptic curve, stable quasi-lisse condition, and (for trace spanning) stable rationality are explicit hypotheses. Its outputs are charged conformal-block D-modules and Jacobi-group covariance on the stated domain. The line-bundle and charge data are part of this conclusion and cannot be removed while retaining the same theorem.

3.1givenA1A2step 1.1step 2.1algebra∎

The conclusions in steps 1.1 and 2.1 have different inputs and different output spaces from the finite semisimple character/Verlinde theorem under strong rationality. Neither [A1] nor [A2] asserts that theorem or supplies its finite semisimple module category. The remark records this scope separation and makes no implication from one regime to the other.

Remark status

The source statements were checked in the pinned full texts. The Huang theorem is a 2025-version arXiv preprint and the charged quasi-lisse theorem is arXiv:2605.29921v1; the cutoff for this source-status observation is 2026-10-26. No completeness claim about all later or adjacent work is made.

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Dependency tree · 2 levels

Sources