How statement and proof provenance work
The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.
- Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
- AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
- AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.
These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.
The two force carriers and the scope of continuum conservation
Flat affine Minkowski spacetime; scope remarks on the force vocabulary, the conditional character of the conservation statements and the exclusions of the continuum framework. No gravity, electromagnetic coupling, equation of state, energy condition, angular-momentum theorem or empirical premise is asserted anywhere on this page.
Two force carriers
The force vocabulary of this framework has two distinct mathematical carriers. On a massive particle worldline the four-force is (Proper-time derivative of a vector field along a worldline and the four-force notation), and its identities are conditional on the adopted particle dynamics Adopted massive-particle momentum, observer measurement and isolated-collision conservation. In the continuum the force carrier is the four-force density of a symmetric type- field (Stress-energy tensor, force density and local balance on flat spacetime). Neither object is a force law: the definition of asserts no equation of motion, and the definition of asserts no conservation and no interaction.
Conservation is conditional
The page's conservation statements are conditional deductions. Local conservation of the scalar, dust and fluid tensors is proved from the adopted model equations of Local conservation of the adopted matter stress-energy tensors; for any other matter the conservation of must be adopted or derived separately, and no conservation is asserted for an arbitrary prescribed symmetric field. Integrated conservation additionally requires the isolation premise of Isolation and the total stress-energy tensor and is asserted only for finite boxes and slices in one inertial chart Integrated conservation of the isolated total slice four-momentum; it does not supply a four-vector transformation law for the slice integrals and does not extend to noncompact regions.
Exclusions
The framework contains no gravity, no electromagnetic coupling, no derivation of an equation of state, no energy conditions — the printed dominant-energy-condition inequality of the Crowell source p. 191 is defective and is not used — no angular-momentum theorem and no empirical premise; no measurement, apparatus or uncertainty claim is made anywhere on this page. The energy conditions, the electromagnetic field stress tensor and its coupling to charged matter, and angular-momentum flux are developed, if at all, by other frameworks or pairs of the library, not here.
Depends on
Proper-time derivative of a vector field along a worldline and the four-force notation
Adopted massive-particle momentum, observer measurement and isolated-collision conservation
Stress-energy tensor, force density and local balance on flat spacetime
Local conservation of the adopted matter stress-energy tensors
Isolation and the total stress-energy tensor
Integrated conservation of the isolated total slice four-momentum
Dependency tree · 2 levels
Sources
- B. Crowell, Special Relativity, revision 2020-12-10 (author-published undergraduate textbook, 246 PDF pages); signature (+---) converted to (-+++) and c = 1 formulas converted to x^0 = c t; Chapter 9 pp. 179-197: 9.1 pp. 179-182 (current vector, flux, charge conservation), 9.2 pp. 183-191 (stress-energy tensor, conservation and flux, symmetry, dust, rank-2 transformation law, pressure, perfect fluid, worked examples, energy conditions), 9.3 pp. 192-197 (Gauss's theorem, integral conservation laws, the energy-momentum vector, angular momentum); the printed 9.2.8 dominant energy condition p. 191 has the defective |P| > rho and is not used
- D. Tong, General Relativity, University of Cambridge Part III Mathematical Tripos (Michaelmas Term 2019); c = 1 formulas converted to x^0 = c t; 4.5.1-4.5.5 printed pp. 181-191: scalar-field action (4.42)-(4.43) and equation of motion, Hilbert energy-momentum tensor (4.46), diffeomorphism invariance and conservation (4.50), flat-space Noether form, scalar tensor (4.51), Maxwell tensor (4.52), perfect fluid (4.53) with conservation equations (4.54)-(4.55), and the flat-space conserved-charge box argument of 4.5.5
- S. M. Carroll, Lecture Notes on General Relativity, arXiv:gr-qc/9712019v1 (1997), Chapter 1 printed pp. 28-30 (energy-momentum tensor, dust T^{mu nu}=rho U^mu U^nu (1.106), perfect fluid (1.107)-(1.110), scalar and Maxwell tensors (1.111)-(1.112), conservation (1.113) with the remark that the proof follows from each matter model's equations of motion) and Chapter 5 printed pp. 138-139 (on-shell conservation from diffeomorphism invariance with compact-support variations, (5.34)-(5.38))