How statement and proof provenance work
The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.
- Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
- AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
- AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.
These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.
Reference-strip gluing proves comparison for scaled copies
Statement
Assume Forward-sector hypotheses for a simple state domain and T1–T4 of Thermal joins and conditional contact hypotheses for every finite join. For any one simple type , every two finite compounds of its scaled copies with the same total coefficient mass are comparable. Thus CH holds on all multiple scaled products of that type. No entropy across different material types is asserted here.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: The stated forward-sector and thermal-contact hypotheses; every thermal join remains a simple domain with these hypotheses.
Forward-sector hypotheses for a simple state domain: A1–A7, S1–S3, and the tagged finite-compound conventions hold, without an assumed CH.
Thermal joins and conditional contact hypotheses: T1–T4 provide simple thermal joins, reversible equilibrium splits, thermal scaling, and a thermal endpoint pair surrounding each state.
A unique reference coordinate inside a thermal strip: every state in a strip with strict thermally equivalent endpoints is equivalent to a unique reference mixture with parameter in .
Nesting and comparison of simple-system states: one-copy comparisons hold on each finite join domain; strict comparison is interior membership, and forward sectors are nested.
Signed comparison for forward-sector relations and Spectator cancellation without comparison completeness: signed comparison is defined from positive/negative parts; it is translation invariant, additive, and cancellable under A1–A6.
Forward orientation and the Lipschitz boundary graph: each simple domain has one constant fixed-work energy orientation; arbitrarily close states on a vertical segment are strictly ordered in that orientation.
Heine-Borel in : with the Euclidean metric a subset of is compact if and only if it is closed and bounded, and the proof by bisection uses no choice principle; the same holds on the real line: a closed bounded subset of finite-dimensional Euclidean space is compact.
Proof
By T4, the open strips with and cover . They are open: by [F2], is , and is ; the latter set is open because is relatively closed.
Let and overlap. Their intersection is open. Choose two states in a small vertical segment contained in the overlap, using [F4]. Let be their coordinates in the first strip and in the second, supplied by [F1]. If , the signed difference and positive scaling and signed compatibility [A1, F3] give , so by the two reference equivalences; if , those references coincide and give . Both contradict . Hence , and the same argument gives .
The four reference equivalences give, in signed comparison, Put . Additivity and positive scaling in [F3] give . Applying the same algebra to the equivalences for gives . Consequently a state in the second strip with coordinate has first-chart coordinate . The change of chart is affine with strictly positive slope.
The same calculation covers a finite chain of overlapping strips: after each overlap, express the new strip's endpoint states as signed-equivalent affine maps in the existing reference pair. The local strip lemma gives every state of the added strip a coordinate with in the existing chart. Signed addition, positive scaling, translation, and equivalence under negative scaling are valid by [F3]; hence induction along a finite overlap chain gives one such common chart for every state in the union.
Take any finite list of target states in and join them in order by finitely many straight segments, which lie in by convexity. The resulting connected path is a finite union of closed bounded segments, hence compact by [F5]. The open strips from step 1.1 cover it, so compactness gives a finite subcover. The intersection graph of those strips meeting the path is connected: otherwise their unions would partition the connected path into two disjoint nonempty relatively open sets. Order a spanning tree from one root strip; each later strip overlaps an earlier one in an open set and can be glued by step 3.1. Thus every target state has a common signed chart with .
Write the arbitrary scaled-copy compounds as with and nonnegative coefficients, omitting zero terms. The declared reversible transport in [A1] gives and similarly on the other side; ordinary positive scaling and composition therefore reduce them to the unscaled base-type states with effective amounts and . Their masses are respectively and before this transport, so equal total mass implies If , both maps are empty and reflexivity applies. Otherwise use step 4.1 for the finite list of base states , with common-chart coordinates . Signed addition and splitting [F3] make the transported compounds equivalent to and , where and . If , their signed difference has positive part and negative part , so and positive scaling compare them; equality gives reflexivity, and gives the reverse comparison. Transitivity transfers this order through the reversible transports to the original distinct scaled tags. Hence CH holds for every allowed scaled-copy pair, without identifying those tags or dropping their scale factors.
Depends on
Forward-sector hypotheses for a simple state domain
Thermal joins and conditional contact hypotheses
Signed comparison for forward-sector relations
Spectator cancellation without comparison completeness
A unique reference coordinate inside a thermal strip
Nesting and comparison of simple-system states
Forward orientation and the Lipschitz boundary graph
Heine-Borel in : with the Euclidean metric a subset of is compact if and only if it is closed and bounded, and the proof by bisection uses no choice principle; the same holds on the real line