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TheoremStatement: Literature-sourcedProof: AI-adaptedPipeline-generatedprecheck passjudge pass (gpt-5.6-terra)audited 2026-09-14
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The primary obstruction cochain is a cocycle

Statement

Under the hypotheses and coefficient conventions of the primary obstruction definition,

δθ(f)=0.

Thus θ(f) determines a class

[θ(f)]∈Hn+1(X,A;P)

in cellular, equivalently singular, cohomology with local coefficients.

Facts & Assumptions

[F1]

For a simply connected base and cells of dimension at least two, consecutive relative CW skeleta have the oriented characteristic classes as compatible relative-homotopy and homology generators (A relative single cell layer has compatible homotopy and homology bases). We use this only for n≥2, after passage to the supplied universal-cover coordinates.

[F2]

The boundary followed by the relative inclusion in the homotopy exact sequence of a pair has zero composite (Long exact sequence of relative homotopy groups).

[F3]

The AT-23 cellular differential is the signed incidence map with monodromy (Cellular chains compute local homology), and its equivariant Hom differential computes singular local cohomology (Cellular cochains compute cohomology with local coefficients).

[F4]

For each path-connected component Bi, the first Hurewicz map identifies H1(Bi;Z) with the abelianization of π1(Bi), naturally and without Choice (The first Hurewicz map is abelianization).

[F5]

For a pair (W,B), the singular-homology sequence is exact at H2(W,B;Z), so the connecting map ∂:H2(W,B;Z)→H1(B;Z) kills the image of H2(W;Z) (Long exact sequence of a pair).

Proof

Given: (X,A), f:Xn∪A→Y, and the local coefficient data of the statement.

1.1F1

First suppose n≥2. Work in one component and in a supplied universal-cover coordinate system. The lift of Xn∪A is simply connected: adjoining the remaining relative cells, whose dimensions are at least three, does not change π1. Hence [F1] identifies each lifted (n+1)-cell characteristic class with its oriented relative cellular generator.

1.2F3F4F5

Now suppose n=1. Put B=X1∪A and W=X2∪A. On each component Bi with its supplied basepoint and whisker, f∗:π1(Bi)→π1(Y,f(bi)) has abelian target by hypothesis. Thus [F4] gives a unique homomorphism λi:H1(Bi;Z)→π1(Y,f(bi)) with f∗=λi∘hBi. For an oriented relative two-cell e, let ue∈H2(W,B;Z) be its characteristic disk class. Its pair boundary ∂ue∈H1(Bi;Z) is the Hurewicz class of the attaching loop, including the supplied orientation and whisker. Therefore θ(f)(e)=λi(∂ue). The assumed trivial conjugation action makes this formula independent of loop transport in the target and makes the n=1 coefficient system constant in these component coordinates. No representatives are selected simultaneously.

2.1F1F3step 1.1

In this n≥2 case, the geometric obstruction on a lifted (n+1)-cell is the value on its cellular generator of the composite “inverse relative Hurewicz, relative boundary, then f∗,” with the prescribed whisker transport. The coordinate rule is equivariant under deck transformations, so it descends to the local cochain θ(f) of the definition.

2.2F3F5step 1.2

For n=1, let c be an oriented relative three-cell. Its attaching sphere determines vc∈H2(W;Z); under the relative inclusion i∗:H2(W;Z)→H2(W,B;Z), the class i∗vc is the relative cellular boundary of c, by the connecting-map and signed-incidence description in [F3]. The sphere and all its boundary incidences lie in one component, so Step 1.2 gives (δθ(f))(c)=λi(∂i∗vc)=0. The last equality is exactness of the pair homology sequence [F5]. This argument retains every cell and path in the arbitrary subcomplex A inside the pair (W,B); it never assumes that A is simply connected.

3.1F1F2step 2.1

For n≥2, let c be an oriented lifted (n+2)-cell. Naturality of relative Hurewicz for the two consecutive skeletal pairs identifies the cellular boundary of c with the Hurewicz image of its attaching class in πn+1(Xn+1∪A,Xn∪A). Evaluating θ(f) on that boundary is therefore f∗ applied after the next relative boundary. The consecutive maps πn+1(Xn+1∪A)→πn+1(Xn+1∪A,Xn∪A)→πn(Xn∪A) have zero composite by [F2]. Thus (δθ(f))(c)=0.

4.1F3step 2.1step 1.2step 3.1step 2.2

The relative (n+2)-cells freely generate the cellular chain module, so Steps 3.1 and 2.2 give δθ(f)=0 in their respective ranges, component by component. For n≥2, [F3] includes exactly the whisker monodromy used in Step 2.1; for n=1, it is the identity by Step 1.2. Hence θ(f) defines a cellular cohomology class, and the AT-23 comparison in [F3] carries it naturally to the stated singular local-coefficient class. No simultaneous choices beyond the supplied coordinates are made. □

Depends on

Dependency tree · 2 levels

Sources