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Total differentiability gives a local O(∥h∥2) increment bound and therefore continuity

Statement

If f:U→Rn is totally differentiable at a∈U, then some C,δ>0 satisfy ∥f(a+h)−f(a)∥2≤C∥h∥2 whenever ∥h∥2<δ and a+h∈U. In particular f is continuous at a.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: A total derivative Df(a) for f at a.

[L1]

The total-derivative definition supplies the normwise remainder estimate for every ε>0; in positive source dimension this is equivalently the normalized remainder tending to zero as h tends to zero (The total (Fréchet) derivative Df(a) as the linear first-order approximation with o(∥h∥2) remainder).

[L2]

In positive source and target dimensions, every Euclidean linear map has a norm bound ∥Lh∥2≤K∥h∥2 for some K≥0 (Every Euclidean linear map has a unique matrix and satisfies ∥Lh∥2≤K∥h∥2 for some K≥0).

Proof

technique · direct
1.1givenL1algebra

If the source dimension is zero, the only admissible increment is 0, so the stated bound holds with C=δ=1 and continuity follows directly from the norm-induced metric. If n=0, every increment of f is zero and the same bound and continuity hold. For the remainder assume both dimensions are positive.

1.2L1L2

By [L1], choose δ>0 such that the remainder r(h)=f(a+h)−f(a)−Df(a)h satisfies ∥r(h)∥2≤∥h∥2 whenever 0<∥h∥2<δ.

2.1step 1.2L2algebra

If K bounds Df(a) as in [L2], the triangle inequality gives ∥f(a+h)−f(a)∥2≤(K+1)∥h∥2 for those h, and it also holds at h=0.

3.1step 1.2step 2.1∎

Given ε>0, take ∥h∥2<min⁡{δ,ε/(K+1)}; step 2.1 is the metric continuity condition at a.

Depends on

Dependency tree · 2 levels

Sources