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Vector bundles are glued from transition cocycles
Statement
Let be an open cover of , and let be continuous maps such that
The quotient of by is a rank- -vector bundle. Replacing by for continuous gives an isomorphic bundle. Every rank- bundle is recovered from the cocycle of any linear atlas.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: The cover and cocycle in the statement.
A vector bundle is locally a product by fiberwise-linear charts, and its transition order is (Real and complex topological vector bundles).
A map out of a quotient is continuous exactly when its composite with the quotient map is continuous (For a quotient map , a map out of is continuous iff its composite with is; a continuous map on constant on the fibres of factors uniquely through ; and a composite of quotient maps is a quotient map).
Proof
The cocycle with gives . Hence the displayed relation is reflexive, symmetric, and transitive: the transitive calculation is . It therefore defines a quotient and a map by . Since is continuous on every summand, the quotient property [F2] makes continuous.
The quotient map is open. Indeed, if is open in the coproduct, then the part of its saturation in the th summand is the union over of the images of under the homeomorphism ; its inverse uses . Hence every such part is open. The restriction of over the saturated open set is therefore again a quotient map. Define . The cocycle makes this independent of the representative, and its composite with the restricted quotient map is continuous on every summand, so [F2] makes continuous. Its inverse is and is continuous as the th-summand inclusion followed by . Thus is a fiberwise-linear chart. Its overlap from to is , so [F1] proves that is the claimed bundle.
For the primed cocycle, the maps on summands respect the relation because . By [F2] they descend to a continuous fiberwise-linear map . Replacing by gives its continuous inverse, so it is a bundle isomorphism.
Finally, a linear atlas of a rank- bundle supplies the functions and their cocycle law by [F1]. Sending the quotient class to is well-defined, continuous by [F2], and in each chart is the identity map on . It is therefore a bundle isomorphism from the reconstructed quotient to the original bundle.