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Singular sphere classes and ordered suspension

Statement

Let Z be a based space and put K=Δ1/∂Δ1, with ∣K∣=S1 in a fixed orientation. For every d≥1, adjunction identifies the simplicial group πd(Sing⁡Z) with πd(Z). On a finite pointed simplicial sphere A a representative a:A→Sing⁡Z is sent to ϵZ∣a∣:∣A∣→Z. The comparison respects suspension with K as the first smash factor and S1 as the first topological factor.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: Z,K,d as stated and the ordinary simplicial homotopy groups of the Kan complex Sing⁡Z.

Goal: Compare actual sphere classes and their suspension representatives.

[F1]

The pointed realization–singular adjunction identifies maps with their evaluated realizations. External singular realization comparison

[F2]

Kerodon Construction 3.2.2.4, Notation 3.2.2.5, Example 3.2.2.7 and Theorem 3.2.2.10 give the sphere-class convention and group law. Corollary 3.6.2.2 identifies realization of a product with a finite simplicial factor with the product. These precise standard facts are imported at the recorded locators.

Proof

1.1F1F2construct

Apply [F1] to A=Δd/∂Δd. A pointed simplicial map corresponds exactly to a continuous pointed map from ∣A∣=Sd. Relative homotopies correspond as well: a simplicial homotopy uses Δ1×A, whose realization is [0,1]×∣A∣ by [F2], with the basepoint cylinder collapsed in the pointed version. Thus adjunction induces a bijection of pointed sphere classes. The group identification is the one of [F2]; its multiplication is the usual concatenation of sphere representatives under this correspondence.

2.1F1F2step 1.1∎

The same adjunction argument applies to finite pointed sphere models, including iterated smash powers of K. Realization preserves quotients and, by [F2], products with K, hence ∣K∧A∣≅S1∧∣A∣. For a simplicial structure map adjoint to S1∧∣Sing⁡Z∣→1∧ϵZS1∧Z→σZ′, evaluation of the suspension of a is exactly σ(1∧ϵZ∣a∣). The first factor remains the first factor. This proves the claimed compatibility on actual representatives and on their homotopy classes.

Depends on

Used by · 1

Dependency tree · 2 levels

Arrows run from prerequisites to the items that use them. External source nodes link directly to the cited text.

External dependencies

Kerodon, simplicial homotopy groups · Construction 3.2.2.4, Notation 3.2.2.5, Example 3.2.2.7; Theorem 3.2.2.10

Simplicial homotopy groups of a singular complex identify with topological sphere classes, with their group structure.

Hypotheses: A based topological space and positive homotopy degree.

Reading limits: Read these passages and the displayed group-law theorem; its horn-filling foundations were not reconstructed. Online version accessed 2026-11-09.

Kerodon, exactness of realization · Corollary 3.6.2.2, full statement and displayed proof

Realization of a product is the topological product when one simplicial factor is finite.

Hypotheses: Simplicial sets with one finite factor.

Reading limits: Read the corollary and proof, accessed 2026-11-09; the preceding triangulation theorem was imported.

Sources