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CounterexampleConstruction: Literature-sourcedVerification: AI-generatedprecheck passjudge pass (gpt-5.6-terra)audited 2026-09-04
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Left and right duals, and double duals, need not collapse

Statement refuted

In every rigid monoidal category, left and right duals of an object are isomorphic and every object is isomorphic to its double dual.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: The poset category Z, its endofunctor category under composition, and the monotone maps D,L,R,H defined in the proof.

Counterexample

technique · direct
1.1

Let Z be the ordered set of integers regarded as a small category, so there is a unique morphism mn exactly when mn. Let D(n)=2n, L(n)=n/2, R(n)=n/2, and H(n)=2n1. Directly from the defining inequalities, L(m)n    mD(n),D(m)n    mR(n),H(m)n    mL(n). Thus LDR and HL.

givenconstruct
2.1

Let R be the full subcategory of End(Z) generated under finite composition by the identity functor and all endofunctors in the bi-infinite adjoint chain obtained by repeatedly taking left and right adjoints of D. It is a monoidal subcategory by construction. Each generator has both adjacent adjoints in the chain, and a finite composite of functors with left and right adjoints has the corresponding reversed composites as its left and right adjoints. Those composites again belong to R, and their units and counits lie in the full subcategory. Hence every object of R has both duals and R is rigid.

step 1.1algebra
3.1

In the endofunctor category of a poset, a natural transformation FG exists exactly when F(n)G(n) for all n, so two endofunctors are isomorphic exactly when they are equal pointwise. Here L(1)=1>0=R(1), so there is no natural transformation LR and therefore no isomorphism LR. Thus the object D has nonisomorphic left and right duals.

step 2.1algebra
4.1

If the chosen left duality on R uses left adjoints, then D=L and D=H. Since H(0)=10=D(0), the endofunctors H and D are not isomorphic. Therefore in this rigid monoidal category neither left/right duals nor double duals are forced to collapse.

step 1.1step 3.1step 2.1

Depends on

Used by

Dependency tree · two levels

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Sources