How statement and proof provenance work
The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.
- Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
- AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
- AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.
These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.
A Hecke parameter does not certify a positive unitary structure
Statement refuted
The claim refuted is that the algebraic type-A Hecke relations at every parameter automatically supply a positive-definite inner product making the resulting module action unitary.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: the root type-A Hecke algebra in its -normalization, specialized to , and the one-dimensional complex vector space .
The generic type-A Hecke algebra: at a unit specialization , the type-A generators satisfy and the Artin braid and distant-commutativity relations.
Real and complex inner-product spaces and their induced length: a positive-definite complex inner product has induced norm , with for and .
Linear isometries, and orthogonal or unitary operators on finite-dimensional inner product spaces: a unitary operator is an invertible linear isometry and therefore preserves this norm.
Counterexample
The specialization is valid because . Assign and . The quadratic relator maps to . The adjacent braid relator maps to on both sides; there is no distant pair for . Thus every defining relator vanishes, so the assignment from the free algebra descends to a one-dimensional -module.
Let . For any positive-definite Hermitian form on , by [F2]. Therefore is not an isometry and cannot be unitary by [F3], for any choice of positive inner product.
The specialization satisfies the algebraic Hecke and braid relations but its one-dimensional module has no positive inner product making its generators unitary. Hence an algebraic Hecke parameter alone is not a positivity or unitarity certificate. This witness says nothing about other parameters or about modules supplied with a separately verified dagger structure.
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