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An additive coefficient group does not determine a cup multiplication
Statement refuted
A bare abelian coefficient group determines a unital coefficient multiplication, and hence a unital cup multiplication on its cochains, without additional data.
Facts & Assumptions
Singular cup product on cochains uses multiplication of coefficient values in its front/back formula. For degree-zero cochains, its value on a vertex is that coefficient multiplication.
Counterexample
Given: The additive group . For and consider
Both operations are bilinear and commutative. The first is associative coordinatewise and has unit . For the second, if , both and equal ; its unit is . Thus these define commutative unital rings on the same additive group. They are respectively and , with corresponding to in the latter.
More strongly, let be bilinear and invariant under every additive automorphism, meaning . With , bilinearity gives . Thus , and torsion-freeness of forces . A zero multiplication cannot have a unit on a nonzero group, since . Consequently no unital multiplication can be recovered in a manner invariant under all additive automorphisms. The zero bilinear pairing is indeed canonical; the refuted claim concerns a unital multiplication, not the existence of any pairing.
In the first ring the idempotents are exactly , since an integer satisfies exactly when or . In the second ring, an idempotent satisfies and . For or , the second equation forces . There are exactly two idempotents. Any ring isomorphism bijects idempotents, so these two rings are not isomorphic.
At the point space, degree-zero cochains with values in are just , and [F1]'s formula multiplies their values. The two displayed ring structures therefore give different cup operations already there, and step 1.2 rules out a natural unital choice from additive data alone. For example , while . This fixed nonempty, nonzero, degree-zero example has no endpoint or higher-simplex qualification. The zero coefficient group would not witness failure; neither would empty-space cochains. All operations, automorphism and idempotents used here are explicit, with no AC.
Depends on
Used by
Nothing in the library uses this result yet.
Dependency tree · two levels
6 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.
Sources
- Hatcher §3.2 coefficient-ring warning (standard reference, not scraped)