Alphabeta Math
CounterexampleConstruction: AI-adaptedVerification: AI-adaptedPipeline-generatedjudge pass (gpt-5.6-terra)audited 2026-09-13
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Using multiplicity one for imaginary roots gives the wrong affine denominator

Statement refuted

Replacing every imaginary-root multiplicity by one preserves the affine denominator.

A counterexample is untwisted affine type A2, where the true normalized product has a different coefficient at eδ from the modified product.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: Affine A2, with δ=α0+α1+α2.

[F1]

Kac Moody denominator product with root multiplicities defines the normalized formal product using actual multiplicities.

[F2]

Roots of an untwisted affine Lie algebra gives, in untwisted affine A2 from loop sl3, each nonzero nδ as imaginary with root space h0tn of dimension two; all other roots have nonzero finite-root part and are real of multiplicity one.

Counterexample

1.1

By F2 the factor for δ in F1 is (1eδ)2=12eδ+e2δ; the proposed replacement is 1eδ. A positive root below δ that is imaginary must equal δ: in F2's computed loop list the other positive roots have nonzero finite-root part and squared length two, hence are real, while positive imaginary roots are nδ. Terms from n2 cannot contribute at degree δ because their simple coordinates exceed those of δ.

F1F2algebra
2.1

Let R be the common product of all factors relevant at or below δ other than the δ factor. Its constant coefficient is one by F1. If r is its coefficient at eδ, the true product has coefficient r2 and the modified product has coefficient r1. Cross products with the nonconstant part of the δ factor require the zero coefficient of R, already one; no other terms can reach this degree. Thus the modified coefficient exceeds the true one by exactly one, refuting the claim. The zero-degree coefficients agree, so that agreement cannot detect the error. Rank-one imaginary multiplicity one would give no such witness; the rank-two diagonal space in F2 is essential. The calculation is finite and choice-free.

F1F2step 1.1algebra

Depends on

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Sources