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For each negative discriminant, there are only finitely many proper-equivalence classes of positive-definite integral binary quadratic forms
Statement
For every negative integer , there are only finitely many proper-equivalence classes of positive-definite integral binary quadratic forms of discriminant .
Facts & Assumptions
Given: A negative integer .
Each proper-equivalence class of positive-definite integral binary quadratic forms contains exactly one reduced form (Each proper-equivalence class of positive-definite integral binary quadratic forms contains exactly one reduced form).
A reduced positive-definite form of discriminant satisfies (A reduced positive-definite form of discriminant satisfies ).
Proof
By [L1], it is enough to show that only finitely many reduced forms have discriminant .
If is reduced with discriminant , then by [L2], so only finitely many positive integers can occur.
For each such , reducedness gives , so only finitely many integers can occur. Once and are fixed, the discriminant equation determines uniquely. Therefore only finitely many reduced triples have discriminant .
Hence there are only finitely many proper-equivalence classes of positive-definite integral binary quadratic forms of discriminant .
Depends on
Used by
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Sources
- William Stein, Elementary Number Theory and Elliptic Curves, Proposition 9.4.1 (standard reference, not scraped)
- Andrew Granville, Binary Quadratic Forms, Chapter 4 (standard reference, not scraped)