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CorollaryStatement: Literature-sourcedProof: AI-adaptedSession-authored (Fable 5 assisted)precheck passaudited 2026-08-26
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For each negative discriminant, there are only finitely many proper-equivalence classes of positive-definite integral binary quadratic forms

Statement

For every negative integer Δ, there are only finitely many proper-equivalence classes of positive-definite integral binary quadratic forms of discriminant Δ.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: A negative integer Δ.

[L1]

Each proper-equivalence class of positive-definite integral binary quadratic forms contains exactly one reduced form (Each proper-equivalence class of positive-definite integral binary quadratic forms contains exactly one reduced form).

[L2]

A reduced positive-definite form of discriminant Δ satisfies aΔ/3 (A reduced positive-definite form of discriminant Δ satisfies aΔ/3).

Proof

technique · direct
1.1

By [L1], it is enough to show that only finitely many reduced forms have discriminant Δ.

L1
1.2

If (a,b,c) is reduced with discriminant Δ, then 1aΔ/3 by [L2], so only finitely many positive integers a can occur.

L2algebra
2.1

For each such a, reducedness gives ba, so only finitely many integers b can occur. Once a and b are fixed, the discriminant equation Δ=b24ac determines c=(b2Δ)/(4a) uniquely. Therefore only finitely many reduced triples (a,b,c) have discriminant Δ.

step 1.2algebra
3.1

Hence there are only finitely many proper-equivalence classes of positive-definite integral binary quadratic forms of discriminant Δ.

step 1.1step 2.1

Depends on

Used by

Dependency tree · two levels

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Sources