How statement and proof provenance work
The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.
- Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
- AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
- AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.
These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.
Formal relative consistency of not SH
Statement
For the fixed certified proof predicates and contradiction sentence,
Consequently external consistency of ZFC implies external consistency of ZFC+SH. The conclusion is a verified proof-code reduction through the constructible-universe interpretation. It does not say that consistency produces a transitive model of full ZFC.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: the fixed pure-membership proof calculus, certified presentations of ZFC and ZFC+SH, and the fixed contradiction sentence.
The -interpretation dispatcher translates certified finite ZFC+GCH derivations to ZF derivations by a primitive-recursive map whose totality and checker acceptance PA verifies. Finite-fragment interpretation in L with GCH
ZF proves that satisfies ZFC+, with fixed relativized-axiom derivations; no model or consistency transfer is asserted merely by that semantic theorem. Semantic and formal inner-model theorem for L
ZF proves that yields a normal splitting Suslin tree on . V equals L gives a Suslin tree
In ZFC, existence of a Suslin tree implies existence of a Suslin line in the strong convention. A Suslin tree yields a Suslin line
SH says that no strong-convention Suslin line exists, so its literal negation is the existence assertion supplied by [F4]. The Suslin Hypothesis and Suslin algebras
A base-verified total map from target contradiction proofs to source contradiction proofs yields the corresponding formal consistency implication. Formal consistency transfer from a verified reduction
The chosen formula is the negation of certified provability of one fixed contradiction sentence. The standard certified provability predicate
Choice is not assumed in ambient ZF for the interpretation. It is proved inside and is exactly the hypothesis used there by the tree-to-line construction. The Axiom of Choice
Proof
By [F2], ZF has fixed derivations saying internally that satisfies ZFC and . Translate the fixed ZF proof [F3] into : internal yields a normal splitting Suslin tree. Since satisfies AC, translate the fixed ZFC proof [F4] there to obtain a strong-convention Suslin line. By [F5] this conclusion is exactly . Concatenating the finitely many fixed derivations, with capture-free substitutions and the interpretation's domain guards, gives one fixed certified ZF proof of the literal -relativization. Ambient Choice is not used; [A1] holds internally in .
Extend the axiom-certificate dispatcher of [F1]. On every certified ZFC axiom use its existing branch; a GCH certificate branch may remain available but is never required by the target theory. On the one new literal SH tag, return the constant proof from step 1.1. On malformed input retain the dispatcher's fixed tautology output. Adding one decidable tag and one constant finite proof block preserves primitive recursiveness, and PA verifies the new branch's checker acceptance by the same finite line-prefix verification used for the old constant branches.
Feed any certified ZFC+SH derivation through the extended dispatcher and the guarded -translation from [F1]. Logical lines are translated structurally; ZFC axiom lines use the old branches; every SH axiom line uses step 2.1. A translated source contradiction is converted by the interpretation's fixed contradiction block to the chosen ZF contradiction. Regard the resulting ZF proof also as a ZFC proof. Thus PA verifies a total primitive-recursive map satisfying The zero-occurrence case uses only the old dispatcher, and repeated SH occurrences reuse the same constant block.
Apply [F6] in PA to the verified map of step 3.1, with source theory ZFC and target theory ZFC+SH in the consistency direction. This gives the displayed formal implication; its truth on standard proof codes yields the external relative-consistency consequence.
This proof constructs a syntactic reduction only. Neither [F2] nor the consistency implication supplies a transitive set model of ZFC. All object-level Choice occurs inside at step 1.1; the proof-code dispatcher and its PA verification make no choice from a family of sets.
Remarks
- GCH is part of the already verified dispatcher but is not used in the fixed derivation of SH; , diamond, the tree construction, and the tree-to-line implication are the relevant object-theory route.
- The reduction targets ZF proofs first. Since every ZF axiom is a ZFC axiom, the same finite derivation is also a ZFC derivation, which is the orientation required for the displayed consistency implication.
Depends on
- Finite-fragment interpretation in L with GCH
- V equals L gives a Suslin tree
- A Suslin tree yields a Suslin line
- Formal consistency transfer from a verified reduction
- Semantic and formal inner-model theorem for L
- The Suslin Hypothesis and Suslin algebras
- The standard certified provability predicate
- The Axiom of Choice
Used by
- Conditional independence of SH Theorem
Dependency tree · two levels
32 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.
Sources
- Monk, Set theory following Jech, Theorems 9.12-9.13 and 15.42, printed pp. 65-69 and 277 (standard reference, not scraped)