Alphabeta Math
TheoremStatement: AI-adaptedProof: AI-adaptedPipeline-generatedjudge pass (gpt-5.6-terra)audited 2026-09-14
How statement and proof provenance work

The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.

  • Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
  • AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
  • AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.

These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.

Conditional independence of SH

Statement

In the external metatheory, if ZFC is consistent, then both ZFC+SH and ZFC+¬SH are consistent. Consequently, under the same consistency hypothesis,

ZFC⊬SHandZFC⊬¬SH.

Here consistency and derivability refer to the fixed certified finite proof predicates. The conclusion is conditional metamathematical independence; it is not the assertion that ZFC internally proves its own consistency or either non-derivability statement.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: external Con⁡(ZFC) for the fixed proof predicate and contradiction sentence.

[F1]

External consistency of ZFC implies external consistency of ZFC+SH. External relative consistency of the Suslin Hypothesis

[F2]

PA proves, and hence the external metatheory validates, that consistency of ZFC implies consistency of ZFC+¬SH. Formal relative consistency of not SH

[F3]

Con⁡(T) means that there is no actual certified finite T-refutation of the fixed contradiction. The standard certified provability predicate

[F4]

SH is the assertion that no strong-convention Suslin line exists, so ¬SH is its literal logical negation. The Suslin Hypothesis and Suslin algebras

Proof

technique · contradiction by adjoining the opposite axiom
1.1F1F2F3assume-hyp

By the given consistency hypothesis and [F1], ZFC+SH has no certified finite refutation. By [F2], ZFC+¬SH has no certified finite refutation. These are external conclusions about the two fixed proof predicates; the weaker first supplier prevents promoting this conjunction to a new PA theorem here.

2.1F3F4step 1.1construct

Suppose that d were a certified ZFC proof of SH. Every ZFC axiom and logical inference used by d is also available in ZFC+¬SH. Regard d as a derivation in that extension, append its one added axiom ¬SH, and then append a fixed propositional derivation of the chosen contradiction from SH and ¬SH. This would be a certified finite ZFC+¬SH refutation, contrary to step 1.1. Hence ZFC⊬SH.

2.2F3F4step 1.1construct

Conversely, suppose that e were a certified ZFC proof of ¬SH. View e in ZFC+SH, append the single added SH axiom, and use the same fixed propositional contradiction block with its two premises interchanged. This would refute ZFC+SH, again contradicting step 1.1. Hence ZFC⊬¬SH.

3.1F3step 1.1step 2.1step 2.2∎

Steps 1.1-2.2 give both consistency conclusions and both non-derivability conclusions under external Con⁡(ZFC). The argument transforms only actual certified finite proofs. Malformed codes do not satisfy the proof predicate, and the empty line sequence is not silently treated as a refutation. Each hypothetical non-derivability witness uses exactly one occurrence of the opposite extension's added axiom; no set-theoretic choice is made in either proof splice.

Remarks

  • The result says neither SH nor its negation is derivable from ZFC, provided ZFC is consistent. It does not choose a true side of SH in the ambient universe.
  • All uses of the axiom of choice occur inside the object-theoretic suppliers. The final metamathematical proof splices finite derivations and makes no family choice.

Depends on

Used by

Nothing in the library uses this result yet.

Dependency tree · two levels

17 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.

Sources