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Higher homotopy groups are iterated loop components
Statement
For a based CGWH space X and n≥1, naturally. The operation on components on the right is induced by concatenating the first cube coordinate of the adjoint n-loop, and this bijection respects it.
Facts & Assumptions
Based interval transposition descends to homotopy classes. Loop suspension adjunction on based homotopy classes
The cubical model is the based spherical homotopy set. Cubical and spherical models of higher homotopy agree
The cube operation gives groups, abelian above degree one. Higher homotopy classes form groups and are abelian above degree one
Proof
Given: The spaces, maps, and hypotheses in the statement above.
Iterate the interval transpose of F1 n times. A boundary-constant becomes a point of : fixing any interval endpoint makes the appropriate loop constant. Conversely evaluation at all n parameters recovers a. The inverse identities follow one coordinate at a time. F2 identifies these with the stated spherical homotopy groups as well.
Apply the same transpositions with a further time variable. Boundary-fixed cubical homotopies become paths in , and paths evaluate to such homotopies. Thus the map induces inverse bijections between cube classes and components. On the two halves of coordinate 1 the evaluated concatenation is exactly or , so the component operation matches the cubical group operation of F3. Evaluation also commutes with based postcomposition, giving naturality.
Depends on
Used by
Nothing in the library uses this result yet.
Dependency tree · two levels
10 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.
Sources
- May, A Concise Course in Algebraic Topology (standard reference, not scraped)