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Every locally compact Hausdorff space is Čech-complete
Statement
Assume the Axiom of Dependent Choice. Every locally compact Hausdorff space is Čech-complete.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: The objects, hypotheses, and choice principles stated above.
A Tychonoff space is Čech-complete when there is a Hausdorff compactification of (def-compactification-of-a-tychonoff-space) for which is a subset of (def-g-delta-and-f-sigma-in-a-topological-space). The definition asks for one compactification; thm-cech-completeness-is-independent-of-compactification proves the equivalent every-compactification form. (Čech-complete spaces as subspaces of Hausdorff compactifications).
Let be a topological space (def-topological-space) and let be its one-point compactification, with added point (def-one-point-compactification). Then: 1. is compact (def-compact-space). 2. is an open subspace of : , and the subspace topology that inherits from (def-subspace-topology-top) is itself. 3. is dense in (def-dense-top) if and only if is not compact. 4. is Hausdorff (def-hausdorff-space) if and only if is locally compact (def-locally-compact-space) and Hausdorff. In particular, a locally compact Hausdorff space is an open subspace of a compact Hausdorff space, which is the reason the construction is made. No choice principle is used: the only cover thinned below is thinned by the indexed form of lem-compactness-of-a-subspace-is-ambient, which returns its own indices. ( is compact and contains as an open subspace; is dense in exactly when is not compact; and is Hausdorff exactly when is locally compact and Hausdorff).
Let be a topological space (def-topological-space) and let . is a set of when there is a sequence of open subsets of with , and an set of when there is a sequence of closed subsets of with . ( and subsets of a topological space, agreeing with the real-line notion).
Assume the Axiom of Dependent Choice. If is locally compact and Hausdorff, then is completely regular, and hence, being Hausdorff, Tychonoff (Under dependent choice a locally compact Hausdorff space is completely regular, hence Tychonoff).
Proof
The empty space is compact and is in itself.
Čech-completeness is defined in [F1] for Tychonoff spaces only, so first record that the space qualifies: it is locally compact Hausdorff, so [F4] makes it completely regular and, being Hausdorff, Tychonoff. For a nonempty noncompact such space the one-point compactification is compact Hausdorff and contains the original space as an open subspace.
An open subset is a by repeating it in a constant countable intersection, so it witnesses Čech-completeness; an already compact space is its own witness.
The preceding construction and implications establish the assertion.
Depends on
- Čech-complete spaces as $G_\delta$ subspaces of Hausdorff compactifications
- $X^{*}$ is compact and contains $X$ as an open subspace; $X$ is dense in $X^{*}$ exactly when $X$ is not compact; and $X^{*}$ is Hausdorff exactly when $X$ is locally compact and Hausdorff
- $G_\delta$ and $F_\sigma$ subsets of a topological space, agreeing with the real-line notion
- Under dependent choice a locally compact Hausdorff space is completely regular, hence Tychonoff
Used by
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Sources
- David Marker, Descriptive Set Theory, §§1–2 (standard reference, not scraped)
- Michael Kunzinger, General Topology, §§11.3–11.4 (standard reference, not scraped)
- MFF General Topology course summary, §4.3 (standard reference, not scraped)
- Jesse Peterson, Real Analysis, §§3.6–3.7 (standard reference, not scraped)