Alphabeta Math
DefinitionDefinition: Literature-sourcedProof: Not applicablePipeline-generatedjudge pass (gpt-5.6-terra)audited 2026-09-05
How statement and proof provenance work

The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.

  • Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
  • AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
  • AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.

These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.

Singular simplices and singular chain groups with coefficients

Definition

Let X be a topological space. For each integer n0, a singular n-simplex in X is a continuous map σ:ΔnX from the standard topological simplex of The standard topological simplex and its affine face maps. Write Sn(X) for the set of all singular n-simplices in X.

The singular chain group with integer coefficients is the free abelian group on Sn(X): Cn(X;Z):=σSn(X)Z[σ]. Thus an element of Cn(X;Z) is a finite formal sum k=1makσk,akZ, σkSn(X).

If G is an abelian group, the singular chain group with coefficients in G is Cn(X;G):=Cn(X;Z)ZG, using the tensor product of The tensor product MRN from the additive group underlying the free Z-module on M×N, elementary tensors, and finite tensor sums. The page's convention is that coefficients are attached through this tensor-product construction, not by choosing a preferred G-basis of singular simplices.

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Dependency tree · two levels

11 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.

Sources