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Projection-preserving product triangulation of a trivial smooth bundle
Example
Let and be supplied finite corner-adapted whole-star smooth triangulations (Relative smooth triangulations, strong approximation and bundle fitting). The trivial bundle has a finite smooth triangulation satisfying for a piecewise affine map , with unchanged. Product corner faces are subpolyhedra.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: finite corner-adapted whole-star smooth triangulations and , and the trivial bundle , , in the sense of Relative smooth triangulations, strong approximation and bundle fitting.
A finite convex cell complex can be triangulated compatibly, with the triangulation subdividing each cell (Finite convex cell complexes admit compatible triangulations).
Whole-star smooth embeddings, corner-adapted triangulations and affine-base projection-preserving diagrams have the meanings fixed in Relative smooth triangulations, strong approximation and bundle fitting: a map is a whole-star embedding when it is a homeomorphism onto its image and its differential is injective on the whole tangent star, and a projection-preserving diagram for over consists of and a piecewise affine with .
Verification
The cells , with a simplex of and a simplex of , form a finite convex cell complex: the intersection is a product of common faces, hence a common face of . By [F1] there is a finite compatible triangulation of subdividing these cells. Define and . Every simplex of lies in a product cell , so is the restriction of the smooth map and is the restriction of the affine projection onto ; on common faces the two restrictions agree, so is piecewise smooth and is affine on each simplex into a simplex of the original . Pointwise , so with the original unchanged.
The map is a homeomorphism onto because and are homeomorphisms onto their images and is their product; its differential on the tangent star at is , where runs through the tangent cone of a refined simplex contained in , so lies in the cone of the tangent star of at and in . If two tangent-star vectors and have the same product differential, then and . Whole-star injectivity of the two factors gives and ; hence the product differential is injective on the whole tangent star, even after the product-cell subdivision. The corner-face fans of the product are products of those of the factors, and their zero sets are correspondingly products, so the product triangulation is corner adapted; moreover every product face is a union of cells of the triangulation by [F1], so product corner faces are subpolyhedra. Thus is a finite corner-adapted whole-star smooth triangulation with and unchanged, proved directly without invoking the general bundle theorem.
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Sources
- James R. Munkres, Elementary Differential Topology, revised edition (1966), Princeton University Press (standard reference, not scraped)
- H. Putz, Triangulation of fibre bundles, Canadian Journal of Mathematics 19 (1967), pp. 499-513 (standard reference, not scraped)