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Frobenius restriction for p=5 and q=3
Example
In the arithmetic Frobenius of the prime acts on the quadratic subfield by that is, nontrivially; the two Legendre symbols agree,
Facts & Assumptions
Given: The distinct odd primes and , a fixed primitive fifth root of unity , the Gauss sum attached to it, and (Quadratic Gauss sum in a prime cyclotomic field).
For distinct odd primes , the arithmetic Frobenius of in acts on the quadratic subfield by , and (Quadratic reciprocity as a Frobenius restriction identity).
For one has and , so for some (Square of the quadratic Gauss sum). For the standard complex root one has ; moreover is the unique quadratic subfield of (Quadratic Gauss sum at p=5, Quadratic subfield generated by the Gauss sum).
Legendre symbols: because the nonzero squares modulo are and is not among them, and because and the only nonzero square modulo is (The Legendre symbol, including its zero value, Quadratic residues and nonresidues modulo an integer).
Verification
For the quadratic subfield is , with for some rational sign .
and .
By [F1] with , , the arithmetic Frobenius satisfies . Since it fixes , step 1.1 gives , hence . The restriction identity gives .
Since , one has , so the arithmetic Frobenius of acts nontrivially on : it is the nontrivial element of , and the two Legendre symbols both equal , in agreement with the reciprocity law .
Remarks
- Nontrivial restriction means non-splitting. The Frobenius of restricting nontrivially to is the Frobenius form of the statement that does not split in , equivalently .
- Reciprocity check. The equality is the special case , of Quadratic reciprocity as a Frobenius restriction identity; note is even, so the general reciprocity sign is , as displayed.
Depends on
- Quadratic reciprocity as a Frobenius restriction identity
- Quadratic Gauss sum at p=5
- Quadratic subfield generated by the Gauss sum
- Square of the quadratic Gauss sum
- Quadratic Gauss sum in a prime cyclotomic field
- The Legendre symbol, including its zero value
- Quadratic residues and nonresidues modulo an integer
Used by
Nothing in the library uses this result yet.
Dependency tree · two levels
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Sources
- Jerry Shurman, Math 361 Ninth Lecture, section 4 (standard reference, not scraped)
- J. S. Milne, Algebraic Number Theory, Ch. 8, Example 8.19 (standard reference, not scraped)