Alphabeta Math
ExampleConstruction: Literature-sourcedVerification: AI-adaptedPipeline-generatedprecheck passjudge pass (gpt-5.6-terra)audited 2026-09-14
How statement and proof provenance work

The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.

  • Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
  • AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
  • AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.

These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.

The Möbius and trivial real lines over the circle

Example

The two isomorphism classes of real line bundles over S1 are the product line and the Möbius line. In the clutching description S1=ΣS0, they are distinguished by whether the two transition values lie in the same or opposite components of GL1(R)=R×.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: A real line bundle over S1.

[F1]

Clutching over S1 is the component/orbit case for maps S0GL1(R), with disk-extending gauge changes (Clutching classifies vector bundles over spheres in the stable range).

Verification

technique · direct
1.1

Write S0={a,b}. A clutching map is a pair (g(a),g(b)) of nonzero real numbers. A gauge on either interval has boundary values in the same sign component, so the sign of g(a)g(b)1 is unchanged. Conversely, multiply by a constant gauge and use paths within R>0 or R<0 to normalize the pair to (1,1) or (1,1). Thus [F1] gives at most and at least these two classes.

F1algebra
2.1

For (1,1) the two trivial intervals glue their fiber coordinates without a sign change, producing S1×R. For (1,1), cut the circle at one equatorial point; the remaining interval bundle closes by (0,t)(1,t), which is the Möbius line. These two witnesses realize the normalized classes.

F1step 1.1construct
3.1

The invariant in step 1.1 has values +1 and 1 on the two witnesses in step 2.1, so they are not isomorphic; exhaustion in step 1.1 shows there are no others.

step 1.1step 2.1

Depends on

Used by

Nothing in the library uses this result yet.

Dependency tree · two levels

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Sources