Alphabeta Math
ExampleConstruction: Literature-sourcedVerification: AI-adaptedPipeline-generatedprecheck passjudge pass (gpt-5.6-terra)audited 2026-09-14
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Mod-two Thom class of the Möbius line bundle

Example

Assume AC for Thom existence. The Möbius line bundle is not Z-oriented, but it is canonically F2-oriented. It therefore has a normalized mod-two Thom class and isomorphisms Hk(S1;F2)Hk+1(D(μ),S(μ);F2).

Facts & Assumptions

Given: The model μ=([0,1]×R)/((0,t)(1,t))S1.

[F1]

R-oriented vector bundle and orientation local system defines orientation by the monodromy action on the top disk-pair cohomology and gives the canonical mod-two orientation.

[F2]

Thom isomorphism for oriented vector bundles gives the normalized class and degree shift under AC.

[A1]

The Axiom of Choice is used only through [F2].

Verification

technique · compute the clutching action on the interval pair
1.1

The generator of H1([1,1],{1,1};Z) is the pair connector of the endpoint class (0,1) modulo diagonal constants. The Möbius clutching map is reflection tt, which swaps the endpoint coordinates. It sends (0,1) to (1,0), and (1,0)=(0,1) modulo the diagonal (1,1). Thus its integral orientation monodromy is 1.

F1
2.1

A global integral generator would have to return to itself after the base loop, while step 1.1 returns its negative. Since a generator of the free module Z is nonzero, this is impossible. Modulo two, 1=1 and the same transition fixes the unique nonzero generator, giving the canonical F2 orientation of [F1].

F1step 1.1
3.1

Apply [F2] with rank one and R=F2. It produces a unique normalized degree-one Thom class and the displayed shift for every k. The two fiber endpoints, the base-loop start/end, the zero vector, degree-zero unit and zero classes are explicit above. The base and fibers are nonempty, and the coefficient rings are fixed, so empty and zero-ring cases are inapplicable. The monodromy calculation is finite and choice-free; AC is used exactly through [A1] in [F2].

F1F2A1step 1.1step 2.1

Depends on

Used by

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Dependency tree · two levels

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Sources