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Sierpinski space is normal and not completely regular, so the T1T_1 hypothesis in the Urysohn corollary is not decoration

Example

Sierpinski space S={a,b}S = \{a,b\}, aba \ne b, with TSier={,{b},S}\mathcal{T}_{\mathrm{Sier}} = \{\varnothing,\{b\},S\} (The discrete, indiscrete, cofinite, cocountable, particular-point and Sierpinski topologies) is normal (Normal spaces and T4T_4 spaces, with the source disagreement over whether normality includes T1T_1 stated explicitly) but not completely regular (Completely regular spaces and Tychonoff (T312T_{3\frac{1}{2}}) spaces), by FALSE: Every normal space is completely regular. The refutation there in fact shows SS is not even regular — the only open set containing aa is SS itself — and complete regularity then fails because it implies regularity (Every completely regular space is regular, and every Tychonoff space is T3T_3). And SS is not T1T_1: the singleton {b}\{b\} is not closed in SS.

This is exactly why Under dependent choice a normal T1T_1 space is completely regular, so T4T312T_4 \Rightarrow T_{3\frac{1}{2}}, and together with the implications already proved this is the whole classical chain proves its arrow for a normal T1T_1 space and not for a bare normal space: SS is a normal space for which the corollary's conclusion — complete regularity — genuinely fails, and the one hypothesis it lacks is T1T_1.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: Sierpinski space SS as above.

[L1]

SS is normal and not completely regular, with witness argument as in FALSE: Every normal space is completely regular.

[L2]

SS is not T1T_1 (T0T_0 (Kolmogorov) and T1T_1 (Frechet) spaces): the only closed sets of SS are S,{a},S, \{a\}, \varnothing, so the singleton {b}\{b\} is not closed.

Verification

technique · direct
1.1

By [L1], SS is normal and not completely regular.

L1
1.2

By [L2], {b}\{b\} is not among the closed sets {S,{a},}\{S,\{a\},\varnothing\} of SS, so SS fails T1T_1.

L2
2.1

By steps 1.1 and 1.2: SS is a normal space that is not T1T_1 and not completely regular, so it does not meet the hypothesis of Under dependent choice a normal T1T_1 space is completely regular, so T4T312T_4 \Rightarrow T_{3\frac{1}{2}}, and together with the implications already proved this is the whole classical chain (normal and T1T_1), and indeed its conclusion fails for SS; dropping T1T_1 from that corollary would make it false, with SS as the witness.

step 1.1step 1.2

Remarks

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