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False statementConstruction: AI-adaptedVerification: AI-adaptedSession-authored (Fable 5 assisted)precheck passjudge pass (deepseek-v4-pro + claude-sonnet-5)audited 2026-08-17
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FALSE: every continuous self-map of the circle is nullhomotopic

Statement

False claim: every continuous map f:R/ZR/Z is nullhomotopic.

The identity map is a counterexample.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: The identity map of S1=R/Z.

[A1]

A map f:XY is nullhomotopic if it is homotopic to a constant map cy0:XY for some y0Y (Nullhomotopic maps and contractible spaces).

[L2]

A homotopy H:Y×IB through a covering has a unique lift extending any prescribed lift of H(,0) (Existence and uniqueness of homotopy lifts through a covering map).

[L3]

A path through a covering has a unique lift once its initial point is prescribed (Existence and uniqueness of path lifts through a covering map).

[L4]

The standard loop ω1 is t[t] (The standard circle loops ωn(t)=[nt] for nZ).

[L5]

For the quotient projection, p(x)=p(y) exactly when xyZ, and p(x+n)=p(x) for every integer n (The circle as S1=R/Z with basepoint [0]).

Refutation

technique · contradiction
1.1

Suppose, for contradiction, that the identity is nullhomotopic. By [A1], there are cR/Z and a homotopy H with H(y,0)=y and H(y,1)=c. Reverse its time coordinate to obtain K(y,t)=H(y,1t), so K(y,0)=c and K(y,1)=y.

A1assume-contra
2.1

Since p is surjective, choose aR with p(a)=c. The constant map ya lifts K(,0), so [L1] and [L2] give a lift K~:(R/Z)×IR. Define s(y)=K~(y,1). Then s is continuous and p(s(y))=K(y,1)=y, so ps is the identity: s is a section of p.

step 1.1L1L2choose
3.1

The path sω1 is a lift of ω1 because ps is the identity, and it is closed because ω1(0)=ω1(1)=[0]. Put m=s([0])Z by [L5]. The path tm+t is another lift of ω1 starting at m, since [L4] and [L5] give p(m+t)=[t]; it is continuous by [L6]. Uniqueness in [L3] forces s(ω1(t))=m+t, whose endpoint is m+1m, contradicting that sω1 is closed.

step 2.1L3L4L5L6
4.1

The contradiction discharges the assumption of step 1.1. Hence the identity is not nullhomotopic, and the universal claim is false.

step 1.1step 2.1step 3.1discharge-contradiction

Depends on

Used by

Nothing in the library uses this result yet.

Dependency tree · next 3 levels

Direct dependencies and their dependencies through the next three levels: 104 results over 17 levels. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, and this result sits at the bottom with a heavier outline. Click the chart to enlarge it.

Sources