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LemmaStatement: AI-adaptedProof: AI-generatedprecheck passaudited 2026-09-04
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A complete-or-weakly-sparse blockade yields a complete subblockade or an anticonnected thinning

Statement

Let ϵ(0,14], let =ϵ1, and let

D=(D1,,D)

be a blockade in a graph G such that all blocks have the same size q>1 and every distinct pair (Di,Dj) is either complete or mutually η-sparse. Then one of the following holds:

  1. G contains a complete (,q/2)-blockade; or
  2. there exist anticonnected subsets BiDi with Bi=q/ for all i[] such that every distinct pair (Bi,Bj) is either complete or mutually (η)-sparse.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: The blockade D=(D1,,D) of common block size q>1 and the complete or mutually η-sparse hypothesis on each distinct pair.

[L1]
[L2]

An anticonnected component is, by definition, an inclusion-maximal anticonnected induced subgraph (Anticonnected graphs and anticonnected components).

Proof

technique · inspect each block's anticonnected components
1.1

Suppose some block Di has no anticonnected component of size at least q/. Partition the anticonnected components of G[Di] into a minimum number of nonempty unions S0,,Sr, each of size less than q/, ordered so that S0Sr. Since the unions cover Di and each has size less than q/, one has r+1>. Minimality implies St1+Stq/ for every t1, for otherwise those two unions could be merged. Hence Stq/(2)q/2 for every t1, because 2. Distinct anticonnected components are complete to one another by [L1], so distinct unions of them are also complete to one another. Therefore S1,,S form a complete (,q/2)-blockade, proving outcome 1.

givenchooseL1algebra
2.1

We may therefore assume that every Di has an anticonnected component Ci of size at least q/. By [L2], the complement G[Ci] is connected. Choose a spanning tree of G[Ci], and repeatedly delete leaves until exactly q/ vertices remain. The remaining tree is connected, so the induced subgraph of G[Ci] on those vertices is connected as well. Calling that vertex set Bi, we have BiCi, Bi=q/, and G[Bi] anticonnected.

step 1.1chooseL2
3.1

If (Di,Dj) is complete, then (Bi,Bj) is complete because BiDi and BjDj. If (Di,Dj) is mutually η-sparse, every vertex of Bi has at most ηDj=ηq neighbours in Dj, hence at most ηqηBj neighbours in Bj because Bjq/; the same argument with i and j exchanged gives the reverse direction. Thus every noncomplete pair is mutually (η)-sparse.

step 2.1algebra
4.1

Step 1.1 yields outcome 1, while steps 2.1 and 3.1 yield outcome 2. Therefore one of the two stated outcomes holds.

step 1.1step 2.1step 3.1

Depends on

Used by

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