How statement and proof provenance work
The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.
- Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
- AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
- AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.
These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.
Maximal antichains well-order linearly ordered sets
Statement
In ZF, if every poset has a maximal antichain, every linearly ordered set is well-orderable. Consequently MC implies that is well-orderable for every ordinal .
Facts & Assumptions
Multiple choice produces maximal antichains: MC gives a maximal antichain in every poset.
Transfinite recursion: A definable successor rule recurses along a set ordinal.
Hartogs: an ordinal that does not inject into a given set: The ordinal cannot inject into .
Proof
Given: The objects and hypotheses in the statement.
For a linearly ordered form the poset of pairs with and , ordered by iff and either or . A maximal antichain contains exactly one pair above each : at most one by linearity, at least one because otherwise any could be added. Its graph specifies a selector .
Recursively remove of the remaining subset of until it is empty, using a fixed stop symbol thereafter. If this did not stop before , the removed points would give an injection of that ordinal into . Their order of removal therefore well-orders all of . For the empty order suffices.
The power set of any ordinal is linearly ordered by its characteristic functions: at the least element of the symmetric difference compare . Transitivity follows because for three functions the first two comparison indices either differ (the earlier decides) or agree (the value order decides). Under MC the antichain hypothesis holds, so the first two steps apply to this linear order.
Depends on
Used by
Dependency tree · two levels
12 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.
Sources
- Jech, The Axiom of Choice, Theorem 9.1(a), p.134 (standard reference, not scraped)