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Boone reduced auxiliary words have no rule pinches
Statement
Assume AC. Each freely reduced auxiliary word on has no rule-letter HNN pinch. For freely reduced signed tape words and freely reduced auxiliary words , an equality in forces and to have the same number of rule letters. If that number is positive, an identity spelling has a central pinch
Facts & Assumptions
Given: The specified freely reduced words and the rule HNN extension.
The free associated bases, tape retraction, infinite cyclic subgroup and multiple-letter pinch/comparison results hold. (Boone base groups and associated free bases)
In , , as proved in the tower construction; embeds in . (Boone hnn tower and auxiliary subgroups)
HNN normal forms relative to chosen transversals are unique. (Normal forms in an HNN extension are unique relative to chosen transversals)
Assume AC for those transversals. (The Axiom of Choice)
Proof
Here is also the intersection check directly. Undoing the state-twisting automorphism in [F1] fixes . A reduced word with a state syllable then cannot lie in , so an element of must lie in . The tape retraction sends a nonempty reduced basis word there to a nonempty reduced tape word, whereas it sends to identity. Therefore the basis word is empty and , whence . For the same computation uses , with the identical retraction image. This verifies the intersections used in [F2].
An internal pinch in a reduced auxiliary word must pair across a pure power . By step 1.1 membership in the requisite edge subgroup forces . But then the two letters freely cancel, contrary to reducedness. There is thus no internal pinch.
Rewrite the given equality as . Both sides are rule-reduced by step 2.1, since all their rule letters occur in their single auxiliary block. The multiple-letter comparison of [F1], derived by successively pairing letters across the seam, shows their signed rule sequences agree. In particular their lengths agree. This is consistent with the single-letter normal-form invariant [F3], with choices licensed by [A1]; the finite comparison here uses the proved multiple-letter version.
If the common length is positive, multiple-letter Britton applied to supplies a pinch. It cannot be wholly within either auxiliary block by step 2.1. The only other consecutive pair of rule letters is the last one of and the first one of , with intervening coefficient for their adjacent terminal/initial powers. Thus it has exactly the central form in the statement. If the common length is zero, the whole equality is in by base embedding.
Source locator
Rotman, printed pp.442–444, Lemma 12.14 and the opening comparison in Lemma 12.15. The retraction proves the intersection even when the auxiliary word has no tape letters.
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Used by
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Sources
- Joseph J. Rotman, An Introduction to the Theory of Groups, Chapter 12, pp.442–444, Lemma 12.14 and reduced-length comparison (standard reference, not scraped)