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Stokes for complex forms on a bounded C1 Euclidean domain
Statement
Assume AC. Let , let be a bounded domain, and let be a complex-valued -form up to . With the boundary orientation defined by outward-normal-first and the surface trace,
Facts & Assumptions
Given: Assume AC; is a bounded domain in real dimension ; and is a complex-valued -form up to its closure.
AC says every family of nonempty sets has a choice function (The Axiom of Choice).
The published divergence theorem assumes , , a bounded domain, and a real vector field up to the closure (Divergence on a bounded C1 Euclidean domain).
Under those hypotheses the divergence integral equals the outward flux integral, and both are finite (Divergence on a bounded C1 Euclidean domain).
Surface integration on compact embedded hypersurfaces uses the convention (Surface integration on compact C1 hypersurfaces).
For absolutely integrable signed surface data, the surface integral is the difference of its positive and negative integrals (Surface integration on compact C1 hypersurfaces).
In coordinates, for smooth forms (The local coordinate formula for the exterior derivative).
Proof
In standard oriented coordinates set . Every complex -form has a unique expression with complex coefficients up to the boundary. Directly differentiating these coefficients (the same coordinate formula as [F6], valid here because they are ) gives . All terms with a repeated vanish, and the sign is canceled by moving into its ordered volume position.
At a boundary point choose a positively oriented orthonormal tangent frame so that is positive, where is the outward unit normal. The displayed form is . Its boundary trace evaluated on that frame is , because the tangential component of repeats a tangent direction in the top-degree volume form. Thus the outward-normal-first boundary trace is exactly ; this identity is complex-linear in .
By [F1], full AC supplies the weaker hypotheses in [F2] and the surface convention in [F4]. Apply [F3] separately to the real and imaginary vector fields and . Adding the two equalities and using steps 1.1 and 1.2 gives . This is the only use of AC.
Depends on
Used by
Dependency tree · two levels
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Sources
- Lebl, Tasty Bits of Several Complex Variables, v4.4, Chapters 4–5 (standard reference, not scraped)
- Jabbari, Notes for Analysis and Geometry of Several Complex Variables, §3.2 (standard reference, not scraped)