How statement and proof provenance work
The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.
- Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
- AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
- AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.
These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.
Definable subsets of a constructible level are small
Statement
In ZF, for every infinite ordinal , is well-orderable and has cardinality .
Facts & Assumptions
Given: ZF and an infinite ordinal alpha.
Definable subsets of a membership structure describes Def by formula codes and finite parameter tuples, including the empty tuple.
Cardinality of infinite constructible levels proves with no AC.
A set equinumerous with some ordinal has a least such ordinal, that ordinal is a cardinal, and equinumerous sets get the same one; no choice principle is used clauses (a)–(e) give cardinality for a well-orderable set in ZF.
Hessenberg: for every infinite cardinal , proved in ZF from the canonical well-order of gives a pairing bijection for each infinite cardinal.
Transitivity, growth, ordinals and rank in L proves transitivity of .
Proof
Put and fix a bijection from to using F2. Iterate one pairing bijection from F4 and encode lengths to inject all formula/finite-tuple pairs into . Each definable subset has a code by F1. Its least code exists; assigning that code gives an injection , hence a well-order and an upper bound by F3. Empty parameter tuples are among these codes.
For every , transitivity from F5 gives ; the formula with the single parameter a defines exactly a over . Thus , providing a lower bound of by F2.
Both sets are well-orderable by step 1.1 and F2. The upper and lower bounds therefore give . The only selections in the proof were one bijection for the already well-orderable level and one cardinal pairing; least codes supply all subset representatives without AC.
Depends on
- Definable subsets of a membership structure
- Cardinality of infinite constructible levels
- A set equinumerous with some ordinal has a least such ordinal, that ordinal is a cardinal, and equinumerous sets get the same one; no choice principle is used
- Hessenberg: $\kappa \otimes \kappa = \kappa$ for every infinite cardinal $\kappa$, proved in ZF from the canonical well-order of $\kappa \times \kappa$
- Transitivity, growth, ordinals and rank in L
Used by
Nothing in the library uses this result yet.
Dependency tree · two levels
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