Alphabeta Math
LemmaStatement: AI-adaptedProof: AI-adaptedPipeline-generatedjudge pass (gpt-5.6-terra)audited 2026-09-09
How statement and proof provenance work

The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.

  • Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
  • AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
  • AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.

These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.

Pattern closure yields an end-homogeneous sequence

Statement

Work in ZFC. Let μ be infinite, 1rμ a cardinal, d1 finite, θ=2μ and λ=θ+. For every F:[λ]d+1r there are distinct xα<λ for α<μ+ and a<λ outside their range such that

F(u{xα})=F(u{a})for every u[{xβ:β<α}]d.

The sequence need not be increasing in the ambient ordinal λ.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: μ,r,d,θ,λ,F as above; assume AC.

[F2]

For an infinite cardinal ν, νν=ν, and adding or multiplying a smaller nonzero cardinal does not increase it. Absorption: for cardinals κ,λ with κ infinite and λκ, κλ=κ, and κλ=κ when λ0

[F5]

Transfinite recursion realizes a prescribed rule. Transfinite recursion

[F6]

Cantor's theorem gives μ<2μ, hence μ+θ. Cantor's theorem: AP(A)

[F7]

[C]d denotes the set of d-element subsets. Partition arrows and homogeneous sets

[A1]

Assume AC, used for cardinal counting and simultaneous injections in union bounds. The Axiom of Choice

Proof

1.1

If Bλ has size θ, then it has at most θ subsets of size at most μ. Indeed every nonempty such subset is the range of a function μB: enumerate it by its cardinality, which is at most μ, and fill remaining arguments with its first element. The range map is a surjection from a subcollection of μB onto these subsets; AC selects representatives to turn this into the cardinal bound. By F1 and F2, θμ=(2μ)μ=2μμ=2μ=θ. Adding the empty subset changes no infinite bound by F2.

F1F2A1given
2.1

For such a C of size at most μ, increasing enumeration of finite subsets of the ordinal λ injects [C]d into Cd. Inductively F2 gives μd=μ for positive finite d, so [C]dμ. The number of functions [C]dr is at most rμ(2μ)μ=θ by F1 and step 1.1. For C= or C<d, the domain is empty and there is exactly one pattern; this also respects the bound, including r=1. For zλC define its realized pattern pC,z(u)=F(u{z}). Its argument has size d+1 by zC.

F1F2F7step 1.1given
3.1

Define an increasing sequence (Bξ)ξ<μ+ by F5, starting with B0=θλ. At a successor add to Bξ, for every CBξ of size at most μ and every realized pattern pC,z with zC, the least ordinal zλC realizing that pattern. This least ordinal exists by realization. At limits take unions. Steps 1.1 and 2.1 bound the number of requests by θθ=θ, so each successor has size θ. At any limit there are at most μ+θ preceding sets of size θ by F6; AC supplies injections for the union estimate and F2 bounds the union by θθ=θ. Each stage contains B0, giving equality. This also proves B=ξ<μ+Bξ has size exactly θ. All sets stay inside λ.

F2F5F6A1step 1.1step 2.1
4.1

Every CB of size at most μ is contained in one Bξ. For nonempty C, assign each member its least entry stage. There are at most μ such stages, and F3/F4 make μ+ regular, so their supremum lies below μ+. Since the sequence increases, that stage or its successor contains C. For empty C take ξ=0. The representative of each realized pattern over C was then added at ξ+1<μ+. Thus every realized pattern over C has a representative in BC, with exclusion of C built into the successor rule.

F3F4A1step 3.1
5.1

Since B=θ<λ, let a be the least ordinal in λB. Recursively, at α<μ+ put Cα={xβ:β<α}. Its cardinality is at most αμ, and it is a subset of B if the previous choices were. The pattern of a over Cα is realized, since aB. By step 4.1 take xα to be the least representative of this pattern in BCα. F5 defines the sequence from this rule, which always has an eligible value. It is injective by the exclusion of Cα, and a is outside its range. Equality of the chosen patterns is exactly the displayed assertion for every d-subset of previous nodes. At stages with fewer than d previous nodes the equality has no instances but the representative still exists.

F5F7step 3.1step 4.1

Depends on

Used by

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