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LemmaStatement: Literature-sourcedProof: AI-adaptedPipeline-generatedjudge pass (gpt-6.1-sol)
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Universal vanishing locus for a map into a flat projective family

Statement

Assume AC and DC. Let f:X→S be projective of finite presentation with S Noetherian, E coherent, and F coherent and flat over S. For a homomorphism u:E→F there is a closed subscheme V(u)⊆S such that, for every T→S, uT=0 exactly when T→S factors through V(u). This condition concerns the entire homomorphism and includes nonreduced test schemes.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: The hypotheses in the statement and AC and DC, inherited from the scheme, cohomology, and finite-module suppliers (The Axiom of Choice, The axiom of dependent choice: a relation in which every element is related to something admits an N-indexed chain).

[F1]

A flat finitely presented sheaf on a proper finitely presented scheme has a bounded nonnegative finite projective complex computing cohomology after every base change (Universal finite projective cohomology complex over any base). Coherent sheaves on a projective scheme over a Noetherian affine base admit presentations by finite sums of powers of a relatively very ample bundle (Eventual generation of coherent projective twists).

Proof

1.1F1algebra

Work over an affine open of S, and present E by vector bundles E1→E0→E→0 that are sums of invertible twists. For j=0,1, the sheaf Ej∨⊗F is still base-flat. Let Kj∙ be its complex from [F1], and define Qj=coker⁡((Kj1)∨→(Kj0)∨). Since finite projectives commute with dual tensor comparison, Hom⁡(Qj,B)=ker⁡(Kj0⊗B→Kj1⊗B)=Hom⁡XB(Ej,B,FB) naturally for every base algebra B.

2.1step 1.1algebra∎

The presentation induces a natural transformation between these Hom functors, hence a map Q1→Q0; let Q be its cokernel. Left exactness of Hom, also after every pullback of the presentation, identifies Hom⁡XB(EB,FB) with Hom⁡(Q,B). Thus the Hom functor is the affine linear scheme Spec⁡Sym⁡Q. The map u defines a section of this scheme, and the inverse image of its zero section is cut out by the image of Q→OS associated to u. This is a closed subscheme with the claimed property. The local constructions agree by that property and glue over S.

Depends on

Used by

Dependency tree · two levels

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Sources