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A fixed presentation computes sections after every flat-family pullback

Statement

Assume AC and DC. Let A be Noetherian and F coherent on PAn, with a presentation E1→E0→F→0 by finite sums of twists. Fix a polynomial P. There is N, depending only on the presentation and P, such that for every A-algebra B for which FB is base-flat with fibre polynomial P, and every r≥N, the canonical map H0(F(r))⊗AB→H0(FB(r)) is an isomorphism, and both sides are finite locally free over B of rank P(r). The target algebra need not be Noetherian. The two successive kernels of E1,B→E0,B→FB are finitely presented and flat over B, with fibre polynomials PE0−P and PE1−PE0+P, respectively.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: The hypotheses in the statement and AC and DC, inherited from the scheme, cohomology, and finite-module suppliers (The Axiom of Choice, The axiom of dependent choice: a relation in which every element is related to something admits an N-indexed chain).

[F1]

Uniform regularity for a subsheaf of a fixed sum of twists is Uniform regularity for all quotients with a fixed Hilbert polynomial. Relative generation, vanishing, and arbitrary base change for flat finitely presented sheaves are Relative regularity, generation, and arbitrary base change.

[F2]

Every coherent sheaf on projective space over a Noetherian affine base has a presentation by finite sums of twists, and its sufficiently high twists have no higher cohomology (Eventual generation of coherent projective twists, Serre vanishing for coherent sheaves and ample twists). Polynomial additivity is Euler characteristic is a Hilbert polynomial. A finitely presented base-flat sheaf over a filtered colimit descends with flatness to a sufficiently late Noetherian stage (Finite-stage descent of relative flatness for a finitely presented sheaf).

Proof

1.1F2algebra

For a flat-family pullback put KB=ker⁡(E0,B→FB) and LB=ker⁡(E1,B→KB). Right exactness makes E1,B→KB onto. Both kernels are base-flat by the Tor argument, since E0,E1,FB are base-flat. They are finitely presented as follows. Write B as the filtered colimit of its finitely generated Z-subalgebras containing a finitely generated stage over which the presentation of F descends (these stages are Noetherian). By the flat descent in [F2], after passing to one stage the given pullback F is flat there. At that stage both successive kernels of the pulled-back presentation are coherent and base-flat. Tensoring these two sequences with B stays exact because their quotients are base-flat. It identifies the stage kernels' pullbacks with KB,LB, so these kernels are finitely presented. Their fibre polynomials are respectively PE0−P and PE1−PE0+P, independent of B.

2.1F1step 1.1algebra

By [F1], one bound depending only on these polynomials and E0,E1 makes every fibre of KB,LB regular. Increase it to make E0,E1 regular too. The relative result gives H1(KB(r))=H1(LB(r))=0, so H0(FB(r)) is the cokernel of H0(E1,B(r))→H0(E0,B(r)), for every r beyond this bound. The two twist-section modules themselves commute with all base changes and are finite free in this degree range.

3.1F1F2step 2.1algebra∎

Over the original Noetherian base, put K=ker⁡(E0→F) and L=ker⁡(E1→K). Increase N further so H1(K(r))=H1(L(r))=0 for r≥N, by [F2]. The original H0(F(r)) is now the same presentation cokernel. Right exactness of tensoring, together with the twist base-change isomorphisms, identifies its tensor with the cokernel in step 2.1. This is the canonical base-change map since all maps came from the given presentation. The relative result makes the target locally free of rank P(r). Thus N is independent of the base-change algebra.

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