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LemmaStatement: Literature-sourcedProof: AI-adaptedPipeline-generatedjudge pass (gpt-5.6-terra)audited 2026-09-12
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Integrability can be checked on simple root sl2 subalgebras

Statement

For a weight g(A)-module V, integrability is equivalent to local finiteness for each simple-root subalgebra gi=span(ei,hi,fi)sl2: every vector lies in a finite-dimensional gi-invariant subspace. This does not require finite-dimensional weight spaces or category-O support.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: A weight module and a fixed simple index i.

[F1]

Integrability means local nilpotence of both ei and fi (Integrable kac moody module).

[F2]

The simple generators satisfy [hi,ei]=2ei, [hi,fi]=2fi, [ei,fi]=hi (Contragredient lie algebra before the maximal ideal quotient).

[F3]

Their nonzero opposite root spaces and the embedded Cartan make the three generators linearly independent (Kac moody root spaces are finite dimensional).

Proof

1.1

By F2 and F3 their span has exactly the three independent standard sl2 generators and brackets. Repeatedly using the three commutation relations puts every enveloping word into a linear combination of fiaeibhic: an adjacent swap decreases the number of out-of-order pairs, and its commutator term has shorter word length. Induction on length and inversions terminates. On a weight vector v, the last factor acts by the scalar μ(hi)c, so the cyclic span is spanned by fiaeibv. Only spanning is needed, not PBW independence or semisimplicity.

F2F3given
1.2

For the reverse implication, let a vector lie in a finite-dimensional gi-invariant subspace W. The operator hi is diagonalizable on W: on each vector it has a finite eigen-expansion inherited from the ambient weight module, and polynomial interpolation in hi keeps its components in W. Since W is finite dimensional, only finitely many eigenvalues occur. By F2, ei and fi shift these eigenvalues by 2 and 2. On an hi-eigenvector, a nonzero string of length greater than the number of eigenvalues would require more distinct eigenvalues than W has. Thus both operators are nilpotent on W, and locally nilpotent on V. F1 gives integrability.

F1F2given
2.1

Assume integrability. For a weight vector v, local nilpotence of ei permits only finitely many nonzero eibv. For each of these finitely many vectors, local nilpotence of fi permits only finitely many nonzero fiaeibv. Their span in 1.1 is therefore finite dimensional and is the cyclic gi-submodule. Every vector of a weight module is a finite sum of weight vectors. The sum of their finite-dimensional cyclic submodules is again finite dimensional and invariant, proving local finiteness.

F1step 1.1
3.1

This works for every simple index. Zero vectors and the zero module have zero cyclic spans, while a one-dimensional cyclic submodule satisfies the same spectral argument. Each spanning calculation and each choice of a bound concerns only finitely many vectors; no choice principle or complete-reducibility theorem was used. Both implications are proved.

step 2.1step 1.2

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