LemmaStatement: Literature-sourcedProof: AI-adaptedSession-authored (Fable 5 assisted)precheck passaudited 2026-08-28

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A maximal element annihilator is prime

Statement

Let $R$ be a commutative ring, let $M$ be a left $R$ -module, and let $m \in M$ be nonzero. If ${Ann}_{R} (m)$ is maximal among the annihilators of nonzero elements of $M$ , then ${Ann}_{R} (m)$ is a prime ideal.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: A commutative ring $R$ , a left $R$ -module $M$ , and a nonzero element $m \in M$ such that ${Ann}_{R} (m)$ is maximal among the annihilators of nonzero elements of $M$ .

[L1]

The annihilator of an element $x \in M$ is ${Ann}_{R} (x) = {r \in R : r x = 0}$ (Annihilators, torsion elements and the torsion subset of a module).

Proof

technique · direct

1.1

Put $I = {Ann}_{R} (m)$ . Since $m \neq 0$ , one has $1 \notin I$ , so $I$ is proper. Let $a b \in I$ and assume $b \notin I$ . Then $b m \neq 0$ . Also $I \subseteq {Ann}_{R} (b m)$ because every $r \in I$ satisfies $r (b m) = b (r m) = 0$ . If $r \in {Ann}_{R} (b m)$ , then $(r b) m = 0$ , so $r b \in I$ by [L1].

L1givenalgebra

2.1

The element $b m$ is nonzero, so maximality of $I$ forces ${Ann}_{R} (b m) = I$ . Since $a b m = 0$ , the element $a$ lies in ${Ann}_{R} (b m) = I$ . Therefore $a b \in I$ and $b \notin I$ imply $a \in I$ , so $I$ is prime.

step 1.1

3.1

Thus ${Ann}_{R} (m)$ is a prime ideal.

step 2.1∎

Depends on

Annihilators, torsion elements and the torsion subset of a module

Used by

A nonzero module over a Noetherian ring has an associated prime Theorem

Dependency tree · two levels

4 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.

Sources

A. Altman and S. Kleiman, A Term of Commutative Algebra, 13th ed., Lemma (17.12) (standard reference, not scraped)
J. S. Milne, A Primer of Commutative Algebra, v4.03, §19 (standard reference, not scraped)