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LemmaStatement: Literature-sourcedProof: AI-adaptedPipeline-generatedjudge pass (gpt-6-luna)verified 2026-10-22 (gpt-6.1-sol)
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Simultaneous peripheral full-turn equations have unique small solutions

Statement

Assume AC. Let k≥1 and let τ1,…,τk be holomorphic on a neighborhood of 0∈Ck, with Im⁡τi(0)≠0. Put vi(u)=uiτi(u). At a coordinate with ui≠0, define real coefficients (pi,qi) by piui+qivi(u)=2πi; at ui=0 define its parameter to be ∞ in the one-point compactification Si=R2∪{∞}.

There are neighborhoods U of 0 and V of (∞,…,∞) in ∏iSi for which this parameter map is a homeomorphism U→V. One may take V=∏i({(p,q):p2+q2>R2}∪{∞}) for a sufficiently large R. Every such tuple has a unique small simultaneous solution, with ui=0 exactly at the unfilled coordinates. Uniformly as the tuple tends to the complete point, writing wi=2πi/(pi+qiτi(0)) for finite coordinates and wi=0 at ∞, one has ui=wi+O(∣wi∣∥w∥∞),∥u∥∞≤43∥w∥∞. This analytic assertion allows real coefficients of either orientation. Primitive integral coefficients are included, but no geometric completion is asserted by the equations alone.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: AC, the positive integer k, the holomorphic functions and their nonreal complete values.

[A1]

Full choice is The Axiom of Choice.

[F1]

A contraction with constant strictly less than one on a nonempty complete metric space has a unique fixed point, given by its convergent iterates. A contraction of a nonempty complete metric space into itself has exactly one fixed point, the limit of the iterates from any starting point

Proof

1.1A1givenalgebra

Shrink to a closed convex polydisc Bϵ={∥u∥∞≤ϵ} inside the holomorphy domain. Its compactness and continuity of the derivatives give a common Lipschitz constant L for all τi there, by integrating their derivatives along line segments. Put A=max⁡i∣Im⁡τi(0)∣−1 and shrink ϵ so that ALϵ≤1/4 and every Im⁡τi(u) stays nonzero on Bϵ. For any nonzero real pair (p,q), p+qτi(0)≠0 and ∣q/(p+qτi(0))∣≤A. Moreover ∣p+qτi(0)∣≥cp2+q2 for one common c>0: the real-linear maps (p,q)↦p+qτi(0) are invertible, and their moduli have a positive minimum on the unit circle.

2.1F1step 1.1constructalgebra

For a parameter tuple with finite pairs outside a sufficiently large radius R, define ai=qi/(pi+qiτi(0)) and the wi in the Statement. At an infinite coordinate put ai=wi=0. On Bϵ define Ti(u)=wi/[1+ai(τi(u)−τi(0))]. Step 1.1 makes every denominator have modulus at least 3/4, hence ∥T(u)∥∞≤(4/3)∥w∥∞. Also ∥T(u)−T(u′)∥∞≤(16/9)AL∥w∥∞∥u−u′∥∞. Since step 1.1 makes ∥w∥∞≤2π/(cR), choose R so large that ∥w∥∞≤ϵ/2 and (16/9)AL∥w∥∞≤1/2. The closed polydisc is nonempty and complete, and T maps it into itself, so [F1] supplies its unique fixed point. Its defining equations are exactly the simultaneous full-turn equations at finite coordinates, and ui=0 at infinite ones. At a finite coordinate wi≠0, so its solution ui cannot vanish. Every solution in Bϵ is such a fixed point and is therefore this one.

3.1step 1.1step 2.1algebra

The fixed-point bound in step 2.1 gives ∥u∥∞≤(4/3)∥w∥∞. Its coordinate equation also gives ∣ui−wi∣≤(4/3)A∣wi∣ ∣τi(u)−τi(0)∣≤(16/9)AL∣wi∣∥w∥∞. This proves the stated uniform expansion, including every wi=0 coordinate exactly.

3.2step 1.1step 2.1algebra

Define the coefficient map Φ on the open polydisc by the equations in the Statement. If ui≠0, the real-linear equation pi+qiτi(u)=2πi/ui has a unique real pair, continuously depending on u. If ui→0, the norms of these pairs tend to infinity uniformly with the other coordinates in Bϵ: boundedness of τi gives 2π/∣ui∣=∣pi+qiτi(u)∣≤Cpi2+qi2. Thus Φ is continuous also at its infinite coordinates, with Φ(0)=(∞,…,∞). Let V be the product neighborhood specified using R in step 2.1, and put U=Φ−1(V) inside the open polydisc. This is an open neighborhood of 0. Every parameter in V has its unique solution in the interior by step 2.1, so Φ:U→V is bijective.

4.1step 2.1step 3.2algebra∎

Its inverse is continuous on the whole product neighborhood, including partially unfilled tuples. If parameter tuples converge, their fixed-point maps T from step 2.1 converge uniformly on Bϵ. For a finite limiting coordinate, ai,wi converge in the displayed rational formulas. For an infinite limiting coordinate, wi→0 while ∣ai∣≤A, so the corresponding Ti tends uniformly to zero by the 3/4 denominator bound, regardless of the directions of the real pairs. If u,u′ are the two fixed points and T,T′ their maps, then ∥u−u′∥∞≤12∥u−u′∥∞+sup⁡Bϵ∥T−T′∥∞, proving continuity. This establishes the homeomorphism. No primitivity was used in this analytic proof; primitivity enters only when a later geometric construction identifies a smooth solid-torus meridian.

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