Alphabeta Math
LemmaStatement: AI-adaptedProof: AI-adaptedPipeline-generatedjudge pass (gpt-5.6-terra)audited 2026-09-09
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The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.

  • Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
  • AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
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The open star criterion produces a simplicial map

Statement

Let K be finite, L arbitrary, f:KL continuous, and assign a vertex g(v) of L to every vertex v of K such that f(stK(v))stL(g(v)). Then g extends to a simplicial map. For each x, f(x) and g(x) lie in the carrier simplex of f(x) (the face given by its positive support). The straight-line homotopy between them is continuous and fixes every point where they agree. It respects every subcomplex pair (A,B) for which f(A)B. These conclusions require no choice axiom.

Source locators

2C.1 and 2C.2 proofs, pp.178–179; Appendix A.1, p.520, closed-discrete argument. The finite-source rational-grid/least-index choice-free refinement is proved locally, not attributed to Hatcher..

Facts & Assumptions

[F2]

Finite realizations are Euclidean and finite subcomplexes embed with that topology. Finite simplicial weak topology agrees with euclidean topology.

[F4]

Open stars are positivity loci. Open and closed stars in a subdivision.

[F5]

The image of each face must be a face and realization sums vertex coordinates. A simplicial map and its geometric realization.

[F6]

A relative homotopy is jointly continuous and fixed on the specified subspace. Homotopies of continuous maps, homotopies relative to a subspace, and path homotopies relative to the endpoints.

Proof

Given: A finite source K, continuous f, and a vertex assignment satisfying the star inclusions.

1.1

If K is vertex-free all assertions concern empty maps. Otherwise enumerate its finitely many vertices. For each positive denominator enumerate, lexicographically, all barycentric rational grid points on every face, allowing repetitions, to obtain a sequence dj. On a face with s vertices, round the first s1 coordinates down to multiples of 1/N and give the last coordinate the remaining mass; every coordinate error is at most (s1)/N. These points approximate every point of each simplex. Hence the sequence is dense in the finite Euclidean realization, and therefore in the weak realization. The image C=f(K) is compact: pull an open cover back to compact K and take a finite subcover.

F1F2
2.1

Suppose the union of the finite supports of f(dj) were infinite. Recursively select the least index whose image support is not contained in the finite union of previously selected supports, and call the resulting images qn. Each new point introduces a fresh target vertex. In a fixed closed simplex τ, at most #τ of the points qn can occur, since each such occurrence introduces a fresh vertex of τ. Every subset of Q={qn} thus has finite closed trace on each target simplex and is weakly closed. Therefore Q is closed in compact C, and every subset is closed in Q, making Q discrete. Its singleton cover contradicts compactness. All repeated choices here are least natural indices, not applications of Countable Choice.

F3step 1.1
3.1

The union W of those supports is therefore finite. Let P contain all faces of L whose vertices lie in W. This is finite and weakly closed: its intersection with any simplex is a finite union of closed faces. The closed set f1(P) contains the dense sequence, so equals K. By the closed-embedding assertion, f regarded as a map into P is continuous for its Euclidean topology.

F2step 1.1step 2.1
4.1

For any nonempty source face σ, its barycenter lies in the star of every vertex of σ. Its image therefore has every g(v), vσ, in its support. That support is a face of L, so its subset g(σ) is a face. This proves simpliciality. For an arbitrary point x the same reasoning applies to each positive-coordinate vertex of x: every corresponding g(v) belongs to suppf(x). Consequently g(x)=vxveg(v) lies in that very simplex. In particular the image of g lies in P.

F4F5step 3.1
5.1

The realization g is affine on each of finitely many closed source simplices; these maps agree on their common faces, so it is continuous into finite Euclidean P. Hence H(x,t)=(1t)f(x)+tg(x) is jointly continuous into its ambient Euclidean space. The common-carrier conclusion puts its image in P, so it is continuous into P and then L. At t=0,1 it equals f,g, and if f(x)=g(x) it is constant in t. If xA and f(x)B, its carrier is a simplex of B, so the entire segment remains in B.

F2F6step 4.1

Remarks

The star condition also composes: if g approximates f and k approximates j, then jf(st(v))j(st(g(v)))st(k(g(v))). Thus the simplicial composite kg approximates jf (Maunder 2.5.5, p.47). The finite-image proof above replaces any appeal to the separate compact-subset lemma with Countable Choice.

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