Alphabeta Math
LemmaStatement: Literature-sourcedProof: AI-adaptedPipeline-generatedjudge pass (gpt-6-luna)verified 2026-10-22 (gpt-6.1-sol)
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The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.

  • Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
  • AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
  • AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.

These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.

Essential torus curves with the same primitive class are isotopic

Statement

Let T be a torus. Every essential smoothly embedded simple closed curve c⊂T represents a primitive element of H1(T;Z). If c,d⊂T are essential smoothly embedded simple closed curves with [c]=±[d], then they are ambient isotopic in T. If they are also disjoint and distinct, they cobound an embedded annulus in T.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: The smooth torus T and the essential smooth embedded circles of the Statement.

[F1]

In the standard torus, every essential smooth circle has primitive nonzero integral class; equal primitive unoriented classes are carried to one another by a jointly smooth ambient isotopy. Disjoint essential circles have smooth complementary annulus parameters. The complete finite construction assumes no choice principle. Choice-free smooth torus curve normalization and annulus strips

Proof

1.1F1givenconstructalgebra

Choose a smooth parametrization h:T→R2/Z2, as supplied by saying that T is a smooth torus. It preserves essentiality, and its induced integral homology isomorphism preserves primitivity and equality up to sign. Apply [F1] to h(c) to obtain primitivity of [c]. This is one supplied finite-dimensional parametrization, not a set-indexed choice.

2.1F1step 1.1construct∎

If [c]=±[d], apply [F1] to their images and conjugate its ambient isotopy by h. This gives the required ambient isotopy in T. If the original curves are disjoint and distinct, the two complementary annulus parameters in [F1] pull back by h; either supplies an embedded annulus with exactly those original curves as boundary. No annulus is inferred for intersecting original curves, and no choice axiom is introduced.

Depends on

Used by

Dependency tree · two levels

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Sources