Alphabeta Math
PropositionStatement: Literature-sourcedProof: AI-adaptedPipeline-generatedjudge pass (gpt-5.6-terra)audited 2026-09-07
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Finite-dimensional tensoring preserves O

Statement

Fix a finite-dimensional complex semisimple Lie algebra g, a Cartan subalgebra h, and a positive Borel b=hn+. Write Q+=iZ0αi, μλ when λμQ+, and wλ=w(λ+ρ)ρ.

If E is a finite-dimensional h-semisimple g-module, the functor MECM with diagonal action is exact and maps O into itself.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: The setting above and the hypotheses in the statement.

[F1]

Fix a finite-dimensional complex semisimple Lie algebra g, a Cartan subalgebra h, and a positive Borel b=hn+. Write Q+=iZ0αi, μλ when λμQ+, and wλ=w(λ+ρ)ρ. The BGG category O is the full subcategory of left U(g)-modules M satisfying all three conditions: M is finitely generated; M=μhMμ where Mμ={v:hv=μ(h)v for all hh}; and U(n+)v is finite dimensional for each vM. Its morphisms are all g-linear maps. The zero module is included, generated by the empty set. The enveloping and triangular conventions are those of thm-pbw-ordered-monomial-basis-for-the-enveloping-algebra and thm-triangular-decomposition-from-a-chosen-positive-root-system. (The classical BGG category O)

[F2]

Fix a finite-dimensional complex semisimple Lie algebra g, a Cartan subalgebra h, and a positive Borel b=hn+. Write Q+=iZ0αi, μλ when λμQ+, and wλ=w(λ+ρ)ρ. Let M be a finitely generated h-semisimple g-module. Then MO if and only if suppMi=1r(λiQ+) for some finite list of weights. In either case every Mμ is finite dimensional. The list may be empty for M=0; finite generation is an independent hypothesis. (The support description of category O with finite generation)

[F3]

Let x1,,xr be an ordered basis of a finite-dimensional complex Lie algebra g. Then the monomials x1a1x2a2xrar(aiN0) form a basis of U(g). In particular, multiplication identifies grU(g) with the symmetric algebra S(g) on the symbols of the xi. (PBW gives an ordered monomial basis for the enveloping algebra)

Proof

1.1

Choose a basis e1,,ed of E and finitely many weight generators v1,,vs of M. Let T be the g-submodule generated by all eivj. It contains evj for every eE. Induct on the length of a word u in Lie algebra elements. If euvj is already in T for every e, then exuvj=x(euvj)(xe)uvj lies in T. Since such words span U(g), T=EM, proving finite generation. Empty bases or generators give the zero tensor product.

F1F3algebra
2.1

The tensor weight decomposition is (EM)μ=νEνMμν, a finite sum over weights of E. Its support is a finite union of translates by those weights of the finitely many support cones for M. The support criterion gives EMO.

F2algebrastep 1.1
3.1

Tensoring a vector-space exact sequence with E gives a direct sum of d copies of that exact sequence after choosing a basis. The resulting maps commute with the diagonal g-action, so this is exact in O. The assertion includes E=0 and one-dimensional E.

algebrastep 2.1

Depends on

Used by

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Sources