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TheoremStatement: Literature-sourcedProof: AI-adaptedPipeline-generatedprecheck passjudge pass (gpt-6.1-sol)audited 2026-10-08
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Skip bases, cover roots, greatest-sortable projections, and the chamber union of each cone

Statement

Let (W,S) be a Coxeter system of finite type, c a reduced Coxeter word, πc the sortable projection of The recursive initial-letter sortable projection, Ccr(v) and Conec(v) the skip roots and cone of a c-sortable element v, and let wC denote the closed chambers of the finite reflection arrangement (c-sortable elements, forced and unforced skips, skip roots, and the chamber cone, The finite chamber tiling, the face-stabiliser identification, and the spherical Coxeter complex as a triangulation of the sphere). Put Cov(v):={tα:α∈cov⁡(v)} for its cover reflections, with cov⁡(v) the positive-root set of The weak parabolic projection, its adjoints, and the cover-join lemmas (4). Then:

(1) The projection. πc ⁣:W→W is well defined, independent of all initial-letter choices, takes values in the c-sortable elements, is idempotent and order preserving, and πc(w) is the unique greatest c-sortable element below w in the right weak order, for every w∈W.

(2) Skip basis and cover roots. For every c-sortable v, Cc(v)={Ccr(v):r∈S} is a basis of V, independent of the reduced Coxeter word for c, and its negative elements are exactly the negatives of the positive roots of the cover reflections: {C∈Cc(v):C∈Φ−}={−βt:t∈Cov(v)}. In particular the number of negative skip roots of v equals ∣Cov(v)∣, the number of elements covered by v in the weak order.

(3) Chamber unions. For every c-sortable v, Conec(v)=⋃w∈W: πc(w)=vwC, the union of exactly those closed chambers of the finite reflection arrangement whose group element projects to v. Thus each group-theoretic fiber indexes the closed chambers whose union is the corresponding cone.

(4) Parabolic compatibility and abstentions. πc∣J(wJ)=πc(w)J for every J⊆S and w∈W, where wJ is the WJ-prefix. Neither the traditional Cambrian congruence (the least lattice congruence forcing the oriented rank-two contractions) nor the noncrossing-partition bijection is used or asserted here.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: a Coxeter system (W,S) of finite type, a Coxeter element c, the projection πc, the skip roots Ccr(v), the sets Ac(v),Bc(v) and the cone Conec(v) of a c-sortable element v, the cover-reflection set Cov(v)={tα:α∈cov⁡(v)}, the closed chambers wC and the right weak order ≤R.

[F1]

The recursive projection is well defined, sortable-valued, below w, idempotent, descent-detecting and parabolic (1),(2),(3),(4),(5): πc is well defined and independent of the initial-letter choices, πc(w) is c-sortable, πc(w)≤Rw with equality if and only if w is c-sortable, πc is idempotent, w≥Rs if and only if πc(w)≥Rs for initial s, and πc restricts to πc∣J on WJ.

[F2]

The cone criterion, monotonicity of the projection, and the greatest sortable element below w (1),(2),(3),(4): for comparable pairs πc(w)=v  ⟺  wC⊆Conec(v); πc is order preserving for ≤R; πc(w) is the unique greatest c-sortable element below w and πc(w)=v  ⟺  wC⊆Conec(v) for every c-sortable v and every w; and πc′(wJ)=πc(w)J.

[F3]

Skip roots form a basis, negative skips are cover roots, and the cover decomposition of sortable elements (1),(2),(3): Ccr(v)=±βt, the set Cc(v)={Ccr(v):r∈S} is a basis of V independent of all choices, and Ac(v)={−βt:t∈Cov(v)}, Bc(v)={βt:t∈ufsc(v)} with fsc(v)=Cov(v).

[F4]

The finite chamber tiling, the face-stabiliser identification, and the spherical Coxeter complex as a triangulation of the sphere (1),(2): the closed chambers wC tile V and are the closures of the connected components of the complement of the root hyperplanes; there are only finitely many of them in finite type; and the walls of wC are the hyperplanes Hρ(w)es.

[F5]

c-sortable elements, forced and unforced skips, skip roots, and the chamber cone (3),(4): Conec(v)={x:B(x,Ccr(v))≥0 for every r∈S} is the intersection of the halfspaces with normals the skip roots.

[F6]

The weak parabolic projection, its adjoints, and the cover-join lemmas (4): the positive-root set cov⁡(w) consists of roots α∈N(w−1) with tαw=ws and ℓ(ws)=ℓ(w)−1 for some s∈S, together with the cover-join formulas (i) and (ii).

Proof

1.1F1F2

Clause (1): [F1] gives that πc is well defined, independent of the initial-letter choices, idempotent, descent detecting and equal to the restriction of πc∣J on parabolics; [F2] gives that πc is order preserving and that πc(w) is the unique greatest c-sortable element below w. Clause (1) is exactly the conjunction of these statements.

1.2F3

Clause (2): [F3] states that Cc(v) is a basis of V independent of the reduced Coxeter word for c and of the recursion choices, and that the negative elements of the basis are exactly the negatives of the positive roots of the cover reflections, Ac(v)={−βt:t∈Cov(v)}; since the map t↦βt is injective, the number of negative skip roots equals ∣Cov(v)∣, the number of cover reflections.

1.3F2

Clause (3), inclusion ⊇: if πc(w)=v then wC⊆Conec(v) by [F2] (full criterion), so each such closed chamber is contained in the cone.

1.4F1F2F3F4F6

Clause (4): the parabolic compatibility πc∣J(wJ)=πc(w)J is [F2] (parabolic compatibility), and the abstention clause is a statement about what the proof does not use: no lattice congruence, no forcing of oriented rank-two contractions and no noncrossing-partition bijection is invoked anywhere in clauses (1)-(4), whose inputs are the recursion [F1], the cone criterion and monotonicity [F2], the skip basis [F3], the chamber tiling [F4] and the cover-root dictionary [F6].

2.1step 1.3F2F3F4F5

Clause (3), reverse inclusion. Since the skip normals form a basis, their nonnegative halfspaces define a full-dimensional cone. A chamber whose interior meets its interior is contained in it: each bounding root hyperplane has constant sign on that open chamber, and closure preserves its inequalities. Choose one interior point y avoiding all root hyperplanes; it exists because a finite union of proper hyperplanes cannot contain an open ball. For any x in the cone, the points x+λ(y−x) lie in its interior for 0<λ≤1, and each root hyperplane excludes at most one value of λ because it does not contain y. For each integer n≥1, let kn be the least integer k>n such that x+k−1(y−x) avoids all root hyperplanes. Finitely many values are excluded, so kn exists; these explicitly chosen points approach x without any countable choice principle. Every such point lies in an open chamber contained in the cone, whose label projects to v by [F2]. Finitely many chambers occur, so one such closed chamber contains a subsequence approaching x and therefore contains x. Together with step 1.3 this proves the union equality. Interior points of the cone which happen to lie on additional arrangement hyperplanes require this generic approximation; they are not asserted to be in open chambers.

3.1step 1.1step 1.2step 1.3step 2.1step 1.4givenalgebra∎

Clauses (1)-(4) are proved. No Choice is used: the approximation points are specified by least integers, and the remaining choices are single existential instantiations.

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