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These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.
If is algebraically closed and , then
Statement
Let be a finite group and let be an algebraically closed field with . Then there are positive integers such that
as -algebras.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: A finite group and an algebraically closed field with .
Under the characteristic hypothesis, the group algebra is a semisimple ring (If , then is a semisimple ring).
A nonzero semisimple ring is a finite product of matrix rings over division rings (Wedderburn–Artin theorem for semisimple rings).
For a product with , the simple left modules are exactly the factor column modules , one isomorphism class for each factor (Simple modules over a product of matrix rings over division rings).
Under the dictionary, irreducible representations are exactly simple left -modules (Under the dictionary, subrepresentations are exactly submodules and irreducible representations are exactly simple modules).
Under the same dictionary, -equivariant maps are exactly -module homomorphisms (For a commutative ring , -linear -actions are exactly the compatible left -module structures).
Over an algebraically closed field, every endomorphism of an irreducible representation is scalar (Over an algebraically closed field, every endomorphism of an irreducible representation is scalar).
Proof
By [L1], the ring is semisimple. It is also nonzero because the basis element is its identity, so [L2] gives for positive integers and division rings .
For each factor, let be the simple module supplied by [L3]; under the ring isomorphism of step 1.1 it becomes a simple left -module, and then [L4] turns it into an irreducible representation of over . By [L5] and [L6], every -module endomorphism of is scalar multiplication by an element of .
Identify with the column module . If is -linear, write for the standard column basis and let be the first entry of . Since the matrix units kill every coordinate except the -th and , linearity forces for every . Hence for every column , and composition corresponds to multiplication in the opposite order. So . Step 2.1 therefore gives , hence because a field is canonically isomorphic to its opposite ring. Replacing each in step 1.1 by yields the claimed decomposition.
Depends on
- If $\operatorname{char} k \nmid |G|$, then $k[G]$ is a semisimple ring
- Wedderburn–Artin theorem for semisimple rings
- Over an algebraically closed field, every endomorphism of an irreducible representation is scalar
- Simple modules over a product of matrix rings over division rings
- Under the dictionary, subrepresentations are exactly submodules and irreducible representations are exactly simple modules
- For a commutative ring $R$, $R$-linear $G$-actions are exactly the compatible left $R[G]$-module structures
Used by
- ℂ[Q₈] and ℂ[Dih(C₄)] both decompose as ℂ⁴× M₂(ℂ) Example
- ℂ[S₃]≅ℂ×ℂ× M₂(ℂ) Example
- ℂ[ℤ/3ℤ]≅ℂ×ℂ×ℂ Example
- If k is algebraically closed and char k ∤ |G|, the number of irreducible representations of G equals the number of conjugacy classes Theorem
- If k is algebraically closed and char k ∤ |G|, there are finitely many irreducible representations, and each occurs in the regular representation with multiplicity equal to its degree Theorem
Dependency tree · two levels
28 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.
Sources
- Peter Webb, A Course in Finite Group Representation Theory, Theorem 2.1.3 (standard reference, not scraped)
- Pavel Etingof et al., Introduction to Representation Theory, Proposition 2.16 (standard reference, not scraped)