Alphabeta Math
TheoremStatement: Literature-sourcedProof: AI-adaptedprecheck passaudited 2026-08-28
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If k is algebraically closed and char⁡k∤∣G∣, then k[G]≅∏i=1rMni(k)

Statement

Let G be a finite group and let k be an algebraically closed field with char⁡k∤∣G∣. Then there are positive integers n1,…,nr such that

k[G]≅∏i=1rMni(k)

as k-algebras.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: A finite group G and an algebraically closed field k with char⁡k∤∣G∣.

[L1]

Under the characteristic hypothesis, the group algebra k[G] is a semisimple ring (If char⁡k∤∣G∣, then k[G] is a semisimple ring).

[L2]

A nonzero semisimple ring is a finite product of matrix rings over division rings (Wedderburn–Artin theorem for semisimple rings).

[L3]

For a product ∏i=1rMni(Di) with r≥1, the simple left modules are exactly the factor column modules Dini, one isomorphism class for each factor (Simple modules over a product of matrix rings over division rings).

[L4]

Under the dictionary, irreducible representations are exactly simple left k[G]-modules (Under the dictionary, subrepresentations are exactly submodules and irreducible representations are exactly simple modules).

[L5]

Under the same dictionary, G-equivariant maps are exactly k[G]-module homomorphisms (For a commutative ring R, R-linear G-actions are exactly the compatible left R[G]-module structures).

[L6]

Over an algebraically closed field, every endomorphism of an irreducible representation is scalar (Over an algebraically closed field, every endomorphism of an irreducible representation is scalar).

Proof

technique · direct
1.1L1L2given

By [L1], the ring k[G] is semisimple. It is also nonzero because the basis element [e] is its identity, so [L2] gives k[G]≅∏i=1rMni(Di) for positive integers r,ni and division rings Di.

2.1L3L4L5L6step 1.1givenalgebra

For each factor, let Si be the simple module supplied by [L3]; under the ring isomorphism of step 1.1 it becomes a simple left k[G]-module, and then [L4] turns it into an irreducible representation of G over k. By [L5] and [L6], every k[G]-module endomorphism of Si is scalar multiplication by an element of k.

3.1step 1.1step 2.1L3givenalgebra∎

Identify Si with the column module Dini. If f:Si→Si is Mni(Di)-linear, write e1,…,eni for the standard column basis and let d∈Di be the first entry of f(e1). Since the matrix units Eaa kill every coordinate except the a-th and Ea1e1=ea, linearity forces f(ea)=ead for every a. Hence f(x)=xd for every column x, and composition corresponds to multiplication in the opposite order. So End⁡k[G](Si)≅Diop. Step 2.1 therefore gives Diop≅k, hence Di≅k because a field is canonically isomorphic to its opposite ring. Replacing each Di in step 1.1 by k yields the claimed decomposition.

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Sources