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TheoremStatement: Literature-sourcedProof: AI-generatedPipeline-generatedverified 2026-10-22 (gpt-6.1-sol)
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The L²-signature of a closed manifold equals its ordinary signature

Statement

Assume full AC. Let X be a closed oriented smooth 4-manifold, Γ a discrete group, and φ:π₁(X)→Γ a homomorphism. Then the von Neumann signature of the NΓ-coefficient intersection form equals the ordinary signature: sign_Γ^(2)(X,φ)=sign(X).

Statement references

Facts & Assumptions

Given: Full AC, the closed oriented smooth four-manifold X, the discrete group Γ, and the homomorphism ϕ of the Statement. AC is the standing convention of the coefficient Definition and the supplied smooth realization proof.

[A1]

Full AC is already assumed by the coefficient Definition. Integral half-solutions, Strebel classes, and L²-signatures, The Axiom of Choice

[F1]

The signature in the Statement is the von Neumann inertia difference of the regular-coefficient middle intersection form. Integral half-solutions, Strebel classes, and L²-signatures

[F2]

The smooth group-signature theorem constructs a coefficient-preserving smooth five-bordism after an injective acyclic-envelope enlargement, proves signature invariance across that actual bordism, and proves induction under group inclusion. Its closed smooth conclusion applies to arbitrary discrete target groups. Smooth group signature defects are independent and uniformly bounded

Proof

1.1A1F1F2givenconstruct

Apply [F2] to the actual smooth manifold X and ϕ. More explicitly, its classifying-map and labelled-bordism arguments produce an acyclic-envelope classifying map and a labelled smooth five-bordism from X with that map to the same X with constant map. Its closed-manifold argument identifies the original Γ intersection signature with the enlarged-target signature by regular-coset block induction and preserves that signature across this actual bordism. This is precisely the geometric intersection signature [F1], rather than a separate analytically defined quantity.

2.1F1F2step 1.1algebra∎

With constant coefficients the finite intersection matrices are the ordinary complex matrices tensored with the regular module; every scalar positive or negative eigenspace has its ordinary multiplicity multiplied by the trace of the identity, namely one. Thus the constant-map signature is sign⁡(X). The identifications in step 1.1 give sign⁡Γ(2)(X,ϕ)=sign⁡(X), for nononto maps and arbitrary target cardinality as included in [F2]. If X is disconnected, compactness gives finitely many components and both signatures add; the empty case is zero. This proves the literal smooth Statement without an unproved analytic index or a TOP realization assumption.

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