Alphabeta Math
TheoremStatement: Literature-sourcedProof: AI-generatedSession-authored (Fable 5 assisted)precheck passaudited 2026-08-11
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The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.

  • Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
  • AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
  • AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.

These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.

Normal form theorem for free products

Statement

Every element of iIGi\ast_{i\in I}G_i has a unique reduced syllable expression. The identity is represented by the empty word, and no nonempty reduced word represents the identity.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: The objects and hypotheses in the statement.

[L1]

The reduced syllable words in (Gi)iI(G_i)_{i\in I} form a group under concatenation followed by seam reduction. The one-syllable maps GiWG_i\to W make this group a free product of the family. (Reduced syllable words form the free product of a family of groups).

[L2]

For groups as in def-group, a syllable is a tagged pair (i,g)(i,g) with iIi\in I and gGi{ei}g\in G_i\setminus\{e_i\}. A reduced syllable word is a finite list of syllables, indexed by a natural length as in def-natural-numbers, in which adjacent tags differ. The empty list is allowed. At a concatenation seam, adjacent syllables from the same factor are multiplied and an identity result is deleted; this elementary reduction is repeated until the seam is reduced. (Reduced syllable words in a family of groups).

[L3]

For a family (Gi)iI(G_i)_{i\in I}, a free product is a group FF with homomorphisms ιi:GiF\iota_i:G_i\to F in the sense of def-group-homomorphism, such that for every group HH and every family of homomorphisms fi:GiHf_i:G_i\to H, there is a unique homomorphism f:FHf:F\to H satisfying fιi=fif\circ\iota_i=f_i for all ii. It is denoted iIGi\ast_{i\in I}G_i. Injectivity of the maps ιi\iota_i is not part of this definition. (The free product of an arbitrary family of groups).

Proof

technique · direct
1.1

Let FF be any free product and WW the reduced-word model. Their universal properties give factor-compatible homomorphisms FWF\to W and WFW\to F. Each composite agrees with the identity on every factor, so uniqueness in the universal property makes the maps inverse isomorphisms.

givenL1L2L3
2.1

In the model every element is literally one reduced word. Distinct reduced words act differently on the empty word, so they are distinct elements.

step 1.1
3.1

Consequently the empty word is the identity, every nonempty reduced word is nonidentity, and the reduced expression is unique.

step 2.1

Depends on

Used by

Dependency tree · next 3 levels

Direct dependencies and their dependencies through the next three levels: 18 results over 9 levels. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, and this result sits at the bottom with a heavier outline. Click the chart to enlarge it.

Sources