Alphabeta Math
TheoremStatement: Literature-sourcedProof: AI-adaptedPipeline-generatedjudge pass (gpt-5.6-terra)audited 2026-09-14
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The omega_2 iteration forces MA and continuum aleph_2

Statement

Over a ZFC+GCH ground model, the ω2 bookkeeping iteration is ccc and forces MA together with 20=2, hence not CH.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: AC, ground GCH, and the iteration of The omega_2 bookkeeping iteration for MA.

[F3]

Size bound for finite-support ccc iterations and nice names bound the final forcing and real names by 2.

[F5]

Martin's Axiom reduces to small ccc orders reduces MA instances to small orders.

[F6]

Cohen, collapse, and Lévy-collapse forcing orders gives the finite-function Cohen order used at the cofinally many selected stages.

Proof

1.1

F1 makes Pω2 ccc, and F2 preserves ω1,ω2. F3 and GCH give at most 20=2 real names. At every selected Cohen stage, the coordinate-domain dense sets make the union a total real, and for each real in the preceding intermediate model the dense set requiring disagreement at a fresh coordinate makes the new real different from it. Hence Cohen reals added at distinct selected stages are distinct. There are cofinally, thus 2, many such stages, giving the reverse inequality. Therefore the final continuum is 2.

F1F2F3F6
1.2

In the final extension fix κ<2, a ccc order Q, and at most κ dense subsets. By F5 replace Q by a coded dense order of size at most κ, and code it and the family by a set of ground ordinals of size at most 1. F4 places that code in some intermediate V[Gα].

F4F5
2.1

The earlier model sees Q as ccc: otherwise it contains an ω1-antichain, and the ccc tail preserves both that set and its incompatibility, contradicting final ccc. Bookkeeping therefore selects the name at a later stage β. Its coordinate generic is a filter on Q meeting every dense set already coded at stage α, hence the original family. Since κ<2 was arbitrary, MA holds.

F1F2step 1.2
3.1

step 1.1 gives 20=2>1, so CH fails. AC is used in coding, bookkeeping, cardinal arithmetic, and the preservation/name arguments.

step 1.1step 2.1

Depends on

Used by

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