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TheoremStatement: AI-adaptedProof: AI-generatedprecheck passaudited 2026-08-31
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The word category is the free monoidal category on one generator

Statement

Let W be the binary-word category and let b be an object of a monoidal category B. Recursive evaluation of binary words at b defines a strong monoidal functor Tb:W→B with Tb((−))=b and Tb(e0)=1B; for the unique arrow between two words of the same length, Tb uses the canonical comparison isomorphism between the corresponding parenthesised tensor powers of b. If S:W→B is any other strong monoidal functor with S((−))=b, then there is a unique monoidal natural isomorphism S⇒Tb whose component at (−) is 1b.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: A monoidal category B, an object b∈B, and the monoidal category W of binary words.

[L1]

The objects of W are binary words, and there is exactly one morphism between two words of the same length (The category of binary words).

[L2]

The category W is monoidal under binary concatenation with unit e0 (The category of binary words is monoidal).

[L3]

A strong monoidal functor is a functor equipped with invertible tensor and unit structure maps (Lax, strong, and strict monoidal functors).

[L4]

Coherence supplies a unique canonical isomorphism between any two parenthesisations of the same ordered tensor word (Mac Lane coherence in canonical-map form).

Proof

technique · direct
1.1givenL1L4construct

Define Tb recursively on objects by Tb(e0)=1B, Tb((−))=b, and Tb(v□w)=Tb(v)⊗Tb(w). If u:v→w is the unique morphism of W, then v and w have the same length, so [L4] gives a unique canonical isomorphism Tb(v)→Tb(w); define Tb(u) to be that morphism. Because identities and composites in W are themselves the unique arrows between equal-length words, uniqueness in [L4] makes Tb a functor.

2.1L2L3L4step 1.1

The recursive object formula already matches the tensor and unit of W, and the same canonical comparison maps from [L4] provide the invertible structural maps required by [L3]. Thus Tb is a strong monoidal functor.

2.2L3step 1.1construct

Let S:W→B be another strong monoidal functor with S((−))=b. Build isomorphisms σv:S(v)→Tb(v) recursively: for e0, use the inverse of the unit map of S; for (−), use 1b; and for v□w, use the inverse of the binary structure isomorphism of S followed by σv⊗σw.

3.1L1L4step 2.2∎

Since every morphism in W is unique when it exists, the family σv is automatically natural, and the same recursion forces compatibility with the monoidal structure maps. Uniqueness of the recursion makes σ:S⇒Tb the unique monoidal natural isomorphism fixing the generator.

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Sources