How statement and proof provenance work
The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.
- Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
- AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
- AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.
These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.
SI and geometric solution parameter identifications
A model-local map from SI mass, angular-momentum, electric-charge, and magnetic-flux inputs to the length parameters in the selected four-dimensional, zero-cosmological-constant Einstein–Maxwell solution families. It fixes no global ADM or Komar identification, magnetic-charge convention, charge quantization, empirical value, observed black-hole claim, or field law.
Definition
Use the SI quantities, coordinate convention, and primitive/derived distinction of Einstein–Maxwell primitive quantities and SI conventions, and the zero-cosmological-constant geometric electrovac flux normalization of Geometric electrovac equations and flux normalization. This definition is the model-local parameter map for the RN and KN ansatz families; it is not a claim that nature contains an object with these parameters.
Take , , and as the gravitational and electromagnetic constants used by this coupled model, with . Let be a selected SI mass parameter in kg, a selected angular-momentum parameter in kg m s, a selected electric charge parameter in C, and a selected magnetic flux in Wb through an oriented sphere. These are the chosen SI inputs of this parametrization; this role is local to the solution families and is not a universal ontology for mass, angular momentum, or charge.
For the geometric flux integrals below, retain the convention explicitly stated by Geometric electrovac equations and flux normalization and defined by The Axiom of Countable Choice (). No arbitrary-index choice principle or magnetic-charge quantization is added.
Set
where is the SI electromagnetic two-form of Einstein–Maxwell primitive quantities and SI conventions and is its geometric normalization. In length coordinates has unit T, has unit m, and has unit Tm. For an oriented sphere , write the geometric flux parameters as
The SI electric-flux convention is , and the magnetic quantity used here is the flux . Thus
The second equality in the electric formula uses the exact SI relation . Both and have units of length; is a flux parameter and is not assigned a universal SI magnetic-charge convention. If one separately chooses the convention with unit A m, then the same definition reads ; this optional relabeling adds no new physical assumption or quantization rule.
For the metric parameters, set
Here , , , and are derived length parameters, while , , , , , , and are the selected inputs of this map. The dimensionless metric coefficients use , , and . Horizon radii, areas, angular velocities, and surface gravities are further derived quantities of a specified solution, not additional primitive inputs.
These parameter identifications do not establish that equals an ADM or Komar mass, or that equals an ADM or Komar angular momentum; such identifications need their own global hypotheses and proofs. They supply no empirical values for or , no measured black-hole parameters, no global potential in a nonzero magnetic-flux sector, and no claim of charge quantization. The source treatments use differing signatures, charge normalizations, and natural or Gaussian unit conventions; the SI formulas above are fixed by the stated local conventions and are not copied without conversion.
Depends on
Dependency tree · 2 levels
Sources
- Tim Adamo and E. T. Newman, The Kerr-Newman Metric: A Review, arXiv:1410.6626v2, complete 30-page full text
- Sean M. Carroll, Lecture Notes on General Relativity, complete 238-page arXiv version
- BIPM, The International System of Units (SI), 9th edition, version 4.01 (2026 update), complete 214-page brochure
- David Tong, Electromagnetism, University of Cambridge Mathematical Tripos lecture notes, complete 236-page author-hosted PDF