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Product electrovacuum equations from full factor Ricci

Statement

Every datum in Constant-radius Bertotti-Robinson product data is a geometric electrovac datum of Geometric electrovac equations and flux normalization. With the oriented orthonormal coframe

e0=Lf dτ,e1=Lf−1/2dz,e2=L dθ,e3=Lsin⁡θ dϕ,

the Ricci and quadratic Maxwell tensors are

Ric⁡AB=L−2diag⁡(1,−1,1,1)AB,QAB(FL)=12L2diag⁡(1,−1,1,1)AB.

All mixed base-sphere entries vanish. The statement is on the chosen open chart domains; it makes no maximal-extension or asymptotic-flatness claim.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: L>0, one of the two functions f and domains in Constant-radius Bertotti-Robinson product data, the product metric, orientation, and electric two-form.

[F1]

Constant-radius Bertotti-Robinson product data gives g=L2(−f dτ2+f−1dz2+γS2), F=−L dτ∧dz, f>0, and the product orientation.

[F2]

Geometric electrovac equations and flux normalization fixes signature (−,+,+,+), the curvature sign, Qab(F)=FacFbc−14gabFcdFcd, and the required equations.

[F3]

Sourced Maxwell sign and current conservation gives d(⋆gF)=−ιvvolg for vb=∇aFab.

[F4]

Existence and uniqueness of the metric-selected connection of a nondegenerate metric, and its extension to tensor fields gives the metric-selected Christoffel formula Γabc=12gad(∂bgdc+∂cgbd−∂dgbc).

[F5]

The Riemann curvature operator and the derived Ricci, scalar and Einstein tensors defines Rabcd by R(∂c,∂d)∂b=Rabcd∂a and Ric⁡bd=gacRabcd=Rabad.

[F6]

Tensoriality of the curvature, its coordinate formula and its point-normal metric formula gives Rabcd=∂cΓadb−∂dΓacb+ΓaceΓedb−ΓadeΓecb in a smooth chart, with the curvature sign in [F2].

[A1]

L>0 and f is exactly z2 or 1+z2, so f′′=2 on the stated domain.

[A2]

The displayed coframe is used only on regular polar charts with 0<θ<π and ϕ restricted to a local interval; their union is dense in S2.

Proof

1.1givenF1F2F4F5F6A1algebra

On the two-dimensional base, the inverse metric components are gττ=−1/(L2f) and gzz=f/L2. Applying the Christoffel formula [F4] gives, apart from lower-index symmetry, Γττz=f′/(2f), Γzττ=ff′/2, and Γzzz=−f′/(2f). Their traces Γaτa and Γaza are zero. Substitution in the coordinate curvature formula [F6] and the Ricci contraction [F5], with convention [F2], gives Ric⁡ττ=∂z(ff′/2)−2(f′/2f)(ff′/2)=ff′′/2; similarly Ric⁡zz=∂z(−f′/2f)−{(f′/2f)2+(−f′/2f)2}=−f′′/(2f), and Ric⁡τz=0. Since f′′=2, these are f and −1/f, respectively, which equal −L−2 times the corresponding components of the base metric.

2.1givenA2F1F2F4F5F6step 1.1algebra

On a regular polar chart from [A2], the unit sphere metric dθ2+sin⁡2θ dϕ2 has, by [F4], the only nonzero symbols Γθϕϕ=−sin⁡θcos⁡θ and Γϕθϕ=Γϕϕθ=cot⁡θ. The coordinate curvature formula [F6] and contraction [F5] give Ric⁡θθ=−∂θcot⁡θ−cot⁡2θ=1 and Ric⁡ϕϕ=∂θ(−sin⁡θcos⁡θ)−cos⁡2θ+2cos⁡2θ=sin⁡2θ; the mixed component is zero. Scaling the sphere metric by the constant L2 leaves its connection unchanged, so in the orthonormal coframe of the Statement its Ricci entries are L−2,L−2. The product metric has no mixed Christoffel symbols because each factor coefficient depends only on its own factor coordinates; hence its mixed Ricci entries vanish.

3.1givenF1F2F3step 1.1step 2.1algebra

The field is constant in (τ,z) and has only Fτz=−L and Fzτ=L. Thus dF=0. The determinant satisfies ∣det⁡g∣=L4sin⁡θ, and raising indices gives Fτz=L−3 and Fzτ=−L−3. In ∇aFab=∂aFab+ΓaacFcb+ΓbacFac, the last term vanishes by symmetry of the connection and antisymmetry of the field. For b=τ,z, the only derivative terms are ∂zFzτ and ∂τFτz, both zero; their trace terms vanish because Γaaτ=Γaaz=0 from the base Christoffels and the product has no mixed symbols. For b=θ,ϕ, all Fab vanish. Hence ∇aFab=0; [F3] gives d(⋆gF)=0.

4.1givenA2F1F2step 1.1step 2.1step 3.1algebra∎

In the orthonormal coframe, FL=−L−1e0∧e1, so FABFAB=−2/L2. Direct contraction in signature (−,+,+,+) gives QAB=12L2diag⁡(1,−1,1,1)AB: the electric pair contributes +1/(2L2) to the time entry and −1/(2L2) to the radial entry, while the trace term contributes +1/(2L2) to each sphere entry. Steps 1.1 and 2.1 give Ric⁡=2Q on the regular polar locus. The metric and two-form are smooth on the full product by [F1], so Ric⁡(g) and Q(FL) are smooth tensor fields there; by density in [A2], their equality extends by continuity to both sphere poles. The displayed coframe components are local to those polar charts. Together with the Maxwell equations in step 3.1 this proves the full definition of a geometric electrovac datum on the stated domain.

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