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Numerable vector bundles admit bundle metrics
Statement
Assume the Axiom of Choice. Every numerable real vector bundle has a continuous positive-definite fiber inner product, and every numerable complex vector bundle has a continuous Hermitian metric. Consequently this holds for bundles over paracompact Hausdorff bases.
AC supplies the dependent-choice consequence required by the published partition theorem. Once numerating charts and their subordinate partition are supplied, the metric construction is choice-free.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: AC and a finite-rank real or complex vector bundle .
A numeration consists of linear charts and a locally finite partition with (Real and complex topological vector bundles, Locally finite partitions of unity and subordination to an open cover).
Under AC and DC, every open cover of a paracompact Hausdorff space has a subordinate locally finite partition of unity (Under choice and dependent choice, every open cover of a paracompact Hausdorff space admits a locally finite subordinate partition of unity).
AC is the stated choice principle, and it implies DC (The Axiom of Choice, AC supplies the dependent-choice instances used in vector-bundle constructions).
Proof
First suppose the numeration in [F1] is supplied. Transport the standard Euclidean or Hermitian form to and call it . Define on each fiber , taking the th term to be zero off . Since , this zero extension is continuous near every point outside , and local finiteness makes the sum continuous.
Each summand is positive semidefinite. At every , some because the coefficients sum to one; for , the corresponding . Hence . The formula is symmetric bilinear over or conjugate-symmetric sesquilinear over , so it is the required metric.
If is paracompact Hausdorff, apply [A1] to obtain DC and then [F2] to the linear chart cover of . This supplies a numeration, so steps 1.1–2.1 give a metric. AC is used only through this invocation of the published partition theorem; with supplied data those two steps make no choices.
Depends on
Real and complex topological vector bundles
Locally finite partitions of unity and subordination to an open cover
Under choice and dependent choice, every open cover of a paracompact Hausdorff space admits a locally finite subordinate partition of unity
AC supplies the dependent-choice instances used in vector-bundle constructions
The Axiom of Choice