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Smooth and continuous real singular cohomology agree
Statement
Assume . For every smooth manifold , possibly with boundary, restriction induces a natural isomorphism in every integer degree. Naturality is for smooth maps.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: The manifold and the restriction comparison.
Ordinary and smooth Mayer–Vietoris use restriction, the difference, and positive lift-differential connectors (Mayer vietoris sequence in real singular cohomology, Smooth singular mayer vietoris sequence).
Restriction is a natural cochain map (Restriction from continuous to smooth singular cochains).
Restriction is an isomorphism on convex coordinate domains, including relatively open half-space domains (Smooth continuous singular cohomology comparison is an isomorphism on convex coordinate domains).
Countable disjoint-union product maps commute with restriction under countable choice (De rham and singular cohomology respect countable disjoint unions).
The countable open-set principle applies also to boundary manifolds with the half-box local hypothesis (Countable mayer vietoris open set principle).
Assume The Axiom of Countable Choice (), the countable instance of The Axiom of Choice.
Proof
For an ordered open cover , restriction to smooth simplices gives a diagram from the ordinary short exact small-dual row to the smooth row. Every arrow commutes: restrictions and the difference evaluate the same cochain on the same smooth simplex, and signed coboundaries use the same faces. If an ordinary overlap cocycle is lifted to with , its smooth restriction is a lift of the smooth restriction of , and its differential is the smooth restriction of . Thus the two small-dual lift-differential connectors commute. The squares with actual small-chain inclusions also commute on every smooth small simplex. Their cohomology maps are isomorphisms by [F1], so transporting connectors through their inverses preserves the square. All arrows in the two Mayer–Vietoris sequences therefore commute with restriction.
By [F4] the countable product interface and its comparison square hold under [A1]. The empty manifold has zero chain complexes and zero cohomology on both sides, so its comparison is an isomorphism. Every rational open box and rational half-box is convex; [F3] gives the local comparison isomorphisms, including the zero-dimensional point. Both functors are invariant under diffeomorphisms by functoriality, since the pullbacks of inverse maps are inverse.
All hypotheses of [F5] are now supplied by steps 1.1 and 1.2. Apply its boundaryless version to obtain the claimed isomorphism there and its half-box version to obtain it for manifolds with boundary. Naturality is the already defined square [F2], without any choices of smoothing or inverses on cochains.
Negative degrees have zero groups; in degree zero the same initial Mayer–Vietoris segments apply. Empty opens and overlaps were included in [F1]. On a point the restriction complex map is identity. Degenerate simplices are retained in both complexes and their common face equations. Countable choice is used only through the product and exhaustion/globalization arguments; no arbitrary vector-space dual exactness, full AC, or prescribed-face smoothing into a boundary target is used.
Depends on
Mayer vietoris sequence in real singular cohomology
Naturality of singular mayer vietoris connectors
Smooth singular mayer vietoris sequence
Restriction from continuous to smooth singular cochains
Smooth continuous singular cohomology comparison is an isomorphism on convex coordinate domains
De rham and singular cohomology respect countable disjoint unions
Countable mayer vietoris open set principle
The Axiom of Countable Choice ()
The Axiom of Choice