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Fixed-particle local ensemble equivalence at interior density

Statement

Assume AC, the ultrafilter extension principle, DC, and HB, and the superstable regular model of Superstable regular continuum grand pressure and variational formula, β>0, and an interior attainable density ρ>0. Let NL/Ld→ρ, let CL,NL be the free-boundary positional canonical law with exactly NL particles, and let RL,ω be its periodized empirical field from Periodized empirical field of a finite configuration. Choose any finite supporting activity z>0 of Fβ at ρ and set Mz,β:=argmin⁡P∈Pstat1{I(P)+βΦ(P)−ρ(P)log⁡z}. For every open τL neighborhood U of Mz,β, CL,NL∗{ω:RL,ω∉U}⟶0. Here C∗(E) is the outer probability defined in Conditioning grand empirical fields on an exact particle number; convergence in probability uses this convention, agreeing with ordinary probability for measurable events. If Mz,β={P∗}, then RL,ω→P∗ in probability in τL. This is local observable equivalence for a uniformly sampled bulk location; it makes no claim about the raw finite-box law at a fixed origin or about uniqueness for every interaction.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: AC, the ultrafilter extension principle, DC, HB, and the hypotheses and free-boundary canonical convention above.

[F1]

Canonical free-cube limit at every interior attainable density: the free exact-N rate converges to finite concave Fβ at every interior attainable density.

[F2]

Canonical–grand-canonical thermodynamic duality: a finite supporting coefficient α=log⁡z satisfies P(α,β)=Fβ(ρ)+αρ.

[F3]

Superstable regular continuum grand pressure and variational formula: normalized grand pressure is pQ=P−1=−min⁡P{I(P)+βΦ(P)−ρ(P)log⁡z}, with a nonempty compact minimizer set.

[F4]

Periodized empirical field of a finite configuration and Stationarity and intensity of a periodized empirical field: RL,ω is the stationary local field obtained by averaging translations of the periodic continuation of the finite configuration.

[F5]

Conditioning grand empirical fields on an exact particle number: for either boundary condition, if the exact-N rate is Fβ(ρ), conditioning its grand law on N=NL makes its periodized empirical field concentrate near the grand variational minimizer set. The four named choice hypotheses are required, and convergence uses outer probabilities as defined in that supplier.

Proof

Given: The hypotheses and suppliers in Facts & Assumptions.

1.1F1F2algebra

Use the supporting activity z>0 chosen in the Statement and set α=log⁡z, so Fβ(r)+αr≤Fβ(ρ)+αρ on its effective domain. Equivalently, −α is an ordinary supporting slope of the concave function Fβ. The given activity is finite, as required by [F2].

2.1F1F2F3F4F5step 1.1

The free exact-N rate hypothesis of [F5] is exactly [F1], and [F2] supplies its supporting activity. The normalized/physical pressure conversion in [F3] is the equality required by [F5]; the empirical field is the stationary one in [F4]. Applying [F5] with free boundary gives concentration on Mz,β in every open τL neighborhood.

3.1F5step 2.1∎

If the minimizer set is the singleton {P∗}, every open neighborhood of P∗ is a neighborhood of the full set. Step 2.1 therefore gives CL,NL∗(RL,ω∉U)→0 for every open U∋P∗, which is convergence in probability in τL.

Depends on

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