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Two-geodesic wall-crossing lemma

PDF p. 20: Lemma 4.23; PDF p. 21: Lemma 4.23; (4.24)

Statement

Let (W,S) be a finite-rank Coxeter system with diagram vertex set Γ0, geometric root set Φ, and Coxeter length ℓ. Fix J⊆Γ0. For L⊆Γ0, let WL be the subgroup generated by its simple reflections and ΦL={wαi:w∈WL, i∈L}. An associate of J is a subset whose standard parabolic subgroup is conjugate to WJ. The Brink–Howlett groupoid BH(J) has these associates as objects; its morphisms I→K are the elements w∈W satisfying {wαk:k∈K}={αi:i∈I}, with composition by multiplication from left to right.

In the relative arrangement (Cone(J)∘,HJ), write (x,I)∈Cham(J) for a chamber label. A chamber path is a finite sequence of adjacent chambers; it is geodesic if its number of crossings is minimal among paths with the same endpoints. For a∉I, when the component D=[I,a] containing a in the diagram induced on I∪{a} has finite WD, put va,I=wD∖{a}wD, where wL is the longest element of the finite parabolic WL. Write ωa,I for the associated simple wall crossing. A standard expression is a composable sequence of these wall-crossing elements whose Coxeter lengths sum to the length of their product.

Let distinct a,b∈Γ0∖I satisfy ∣ΦI∪{a,b}∖ΦI∣<∞, and let (x,I)∈Cham(J). Let q=va,b,I:I→K be the two-generator element supplied by Two-generator minimal common left multiple. Its two standard expressions lift to exactly two geodesic paths of equal length from (x,I) to (xq,K), beginning respectively with ωa,I and ωb,I. If a chamber C admits geodesics from (x,I) beginning with each of these crossings, then some geodesic from (x,I) to C passes through (xq,K).

Facts & Assumptions

[F1]

The two-generator lemma supplies q:I→K, exactly two standard expressions for it, one beginning with each of va,I and vb,I, and equal numbers of factors in those expressions. Two-generator minimal common left multiple

[F2]

Standard expressions from I lift uniquely from (x,I) to geodesics, with endpoint obtained by right multiplication by their product; conversely every geodesic has a standard expression as its wall word. Standard expressions correspond to geodesics

[F3]

A chamber C=(y,L) determines the morphism w=x−1y:I→L associated with the endpoints. Correspondence between chamber labels and Brink–Howlett morphisms

[F4]

If a morphism w:I→L has both va,I and vb,I as length-additive left divisors, then w=qz with z:K→L a morphism and ℓ(w)=ℓ(q)+ℓ(z). Simultaneous elementary prefixes force the relative longest prefix

[F5]

A standard expression is a composable wall-element sequence whose factor lengths add to the Coxeter length of its product. A left divisor u of w means w=ut with ℓ(w)=ℓ(u)+ℓ(t). Standard expressions and their lengths Coxeter-system, roots, length and weak-order conventions Brink–Howlett groupoid

Proof

Given: The finite-rank Coxeter system, relative chamber label, and distinct a,b with finite relative root difference in the Statement.

Proof technique: direct.

Goal: Prove the two-path assertion and the geodesic-through-(xq,K) assertion.

1.1F1F2F3given

By [F1] the two standard expressions for q have equal factor counts and start with the two specified elements. By [F2] they lift uniquely from (x,I) to geodesics ending at (xq,K), with the specified initial crossings. Conversely, the wall word of any geodesic to (xq,K) is a standard expression for the endpoint morphism q by [F2] and [F3]. The two expressions in [F1] therefore give all such geodesics, and their equal factor counts give equal path lengths.

1.2F2F3F4F5given

Write C=(y,L) and w=x−1y:I→L. The two given geodesics have standard wall words for w by [F2] and [F3]. Since these words begin with va,I and vb,I, respectively, each is a length-additive left divisor of w: the length equality for a standard word and subadditivity of Coxeter length force additivity between its first factor and the product of its remaining factors. By [F4], w=qz for a morphism z:K→L and ℓ(w)=ℓ(q)+ℓ(z).

2.1F1F2F5step 1.2∎

Choose a standard expression for q and one for z; these exist by [F1] and [F2], including the empty expression if z is an identity. They are composable, and the length equality in step 1.2 makes their concatenation a standard expression for w. By [F2] its lift from (x,I) is a geodesic ending at (y,L)=C. After its initial expression for q, it passes through (xq,K), again by [F2]. This proves the remaining assertion.

Source notes

The article reference attributes Lemma 4.23 and its translation method. The proof above uses the declared completed suppliers; the article claim is not used as its own proof premise.

Depends on

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