Alphabeta Math
CounterexampleConstruction: Literature-sourcedVerification: AI-adaptedprecheck passverified 2026-09-09 (gpt-6-astra)
How statement and proof provenance work

The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.

  • Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
  • AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
  • AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.

These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.

Rudin's bounded rational spikes are not equicontinuous and have no uniformly convergent subsequence

Statement refuted

Refuted: a uniformly bounded family of continuous functions on [0,1] must be equicontinuous or have a uniformly convergent subsequence.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: For each integer n≥1, let fn(x)=x2/(x2+(1−nx)2) for 0≤x≤1. The sequence is explicitly indexed by the positive integers, so 1/n is always defined and belongs to [0,1].

[L1]

A uniform limit of continuous real functions is continuous (The uniform limit of continuous real-valued functions on a metric space is continuous).

Counterexample

technique · direct
1.1

The denominator is positive: if its two nonnegative summands vanished, x=0 and 1−nx=0 would both hold, which is impossible. Each fn is therefore continuous, 0≤fn≤1, fn(0)=0, and fn(1/n)=1.

givenalgebra
1.2

For every fixed x>0, fn(x)→0, while fn(0)=0. Thus any uniformly convergent subsequence would have the zero function as its pointwise limit, consistently with [L1].

givenL1algebra
2.1

Take ε=1/2. For every δ>0 there is an integer n≥1 with 1/n<δ, but ∣fn(1/n)−fn(0)∣=1. Thus no common radius works at 0, so the family is not equicontinuous.

step 1.1algebra
2.2

For every subsequence (fnj), the indices nj tend to infinity, so step 1.2 still forces any uniform limit to be zero. But ∥fnj∥∞=fnj(1/nj)=1 for every j, contradicting uniform convergence to zero. No subsequence is uniformly convergent.

step 1.1step 1.2algebra
3.1

This bounded family is neither equicontinuous nor uniformly sequentially compact.

step 2.1step 2.2algebra∎

Depends on

Used by

Nothing in the library uses this result yet.

Dependency tree · two levels

12 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.

Sources